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Description
Flashcards by Charlotte Hewson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Charlotte Hewson
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what is correlational analysis? | a way of measuring the relationship between 2 co-variables |
| what must these variables be? | continuous |
| what does a zero-correlation show? | the two co-variables have no link |
| what does a positive correlation show? | the co-variables increase together |
| what does a negative correlation show? | as one co-variable increases, the other decreases |
| what does co-variable coefficient tell you? | how closely the co-variables are related |
| what can the numbers be between? | -1 and +1 |
| what would a weak correlation look like on a scattergram? | dots widely distributed |
| what counts as a low coefficient? | 0 and 0.2 |
| what would a strong correlation look like on a scattergram? | dots close together in a diagonal line |
| what would a high correlation coefficient be? | 0.5 to 1 |
| what would 3 possible directional hypotheses be for correlational analysis? | -there is a positive correlation between variable 1 and variable 2 -there is a negative correlation between variable 1 and variable 2 -Variables 1 and 2 increase together |
| what is an example of a non-directional hypothesis for a correlational analysis? | There is a correlation between variable 1 and variable 2 |
| what is a strength of correlational analysis? | it may suggest whether or not there is a causal relationship between 2 variables |
| how does it show this? | if there is no correlation, then there is no causal relationship |
| what can be done if correlation is strong? | further investigation as there may be a causal link |
| what is another strength of correlational analysis? | it can be used when it would'nt be ethical or practical to conduct an experiment |
| why could this be used? | it involves no manipulation of variables, just the measurement of behaviour such as intelligence or number of kids in a family |
| what is a limitation of correlational analysis? | it can't show a causal relationship. |
| what often happens when interpreting correlations? | researchers assume a causal relationship has been demonstrated |
| when is a correlation often portrayed as the cause? | stories in the media |
| what is a second limitation of correlational analysis? | may be intervening variables that explain the correlation but are overlooked |
| what is an example of this? | research has shown a positive correlation between day care and sociability |
| however what may this be due to? | the fact that working mothers have more confident, sociable children |
| so what would the working mother act as? | an intervening variable |
| what is validity? | the 'trueness' of a study |
| what is validity related to? | the assessment of each co-variable e.g. how has it been assessed |
| what is reliability related to? | how variables are measured and the consistency of this measurement |
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