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| Question | Answer |
| Amendment | A change to a constitution, bill, law, or other type of document |
| Assimilate | To adjust to customs or tradition in a nonnative place as a person or group. |
| Bias | A opinion or feel towards a idea, though, or thing. |
| Bicameral | Have two groups, sections or divisions in the legislative branch. |
| Blockade | Using force to cut off moving product, food , or people. |
| Boomtown | A town or city that has increase growth of population or economy. |
| Capitalism | A system where a person or companies are private and have competition in the economy without the government getting involved. |
| Captain of Industry | A person who used their business skills, intelligence and talent to make money and be a successful businessman. |
| Check and Balances | A system were each branch of government has some power over the other two to stop one from becoming to powerful. |
| Congress | A group of representatives that discuss issues of them and their people they are representing. |
| Due Process of Law | A citizen has their rights granted in court or government involvements . |
| Economics | A system of wealth of a country and the use of products, production, production output, etc. |
| Emancipated | To free a person or group from charge of others. |
| Enfranchise | To give the right to vote to someone or a group. |
| Enumerated | To list thing individually. |
| Federalism | A type of government were power is divide between states and the government. |
| Forty-Niners | A person in the California Gold Rush for gold. Named after the year gold was found, 1849. |
| Free Enterprise | A system were their is private ownership of a company and the government has little involvement. |
| Habeas Corpus | Gives prisoners the right to be brought to court before being decided to be put in jail. |
| Industry | Companys or manufacture to make goods to sell. |
| Judicial | A legal system where judges and courts decide on issues of law. |
| Ku Klux Klan | A group of ex confederates that set out to set terror in African Americans and maintain White Supremacy |
| Manifest Destiny | The idea that the U.S. was destined to expand from coast to coast. |
| Martyr | A person who is killed or injured over religious beliefs. |
| Monopoly | Having total control over a product or service. |
| Nomadic | People who move from place to place to live. |
| Override | Having the ability to override a veto with a number of votes. |
| Popular Sovereignty | The Idea that the governments power comes from the people and they maintain that power. |
| Ratify | To approve or make official. |
| Radical | To have extreme views or beliefs. |
| Republicanism | The idea that representatives should be elected to control the government. |
| Robber Baron | A corrupt and immoral person who will do anything to get rich. |
| Rural | A low populated area, the county. |
| Separation of Powers | The separation of power between the three branches of the government. |
| Social Darwinism | The idea that the weak will die of and the strong will grow in the human world. Based with economics and intelligences too. |
| Suffrage | The right to vote in a election, woman fought for suffrage. |
| Supreme Court | The highest court in the U.S. Judicial system. |
| Tariff | A tax on goods or services, to increase price of traded goods. |
| Taxation without Representation. | A phrase used during the period were Britain controlled America and were taxed without their approval. |
| Trade Union | A group of similar workers that come together to have the power over their pay and working conditions. |
| Urban | A area with high population, a city or town. |
| Veto | The power to not approve a document in congress. |
| Thomas Jefferson | Was the one of the founding fathers of the U.S. and the main author for the Declaration of Independence, he was also the third president. |
| Andrew Jackson | Was the 7th president know for moving all the Indians west and putting them in reservations in the Indian Removal Act. Was also in the War of 1812 as a commander. |
| Sacagawea | Sacagawea served as a guide for Louis and Clark during the trip to the Pacific and helped them communicate with other tribes and learn how to survive. |
| James Polk | James Polk was the 11th President and expanded the U.S. from coast to coast by getting land like the Oregon Territory, Texas, New Mexico, etc. |
| Frederick Douglass | Was a slave early in his life but escaped when he feel in love. He became a well known abolitionist and was a speaker, and wrote a famous autobiography. |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Was an abolitionist and wrote Uncle Toms Cabin, a life as a slave which became popular and helped the movement for slavery to end. |
| John Brown | Was a strong abolitionist who lead the movement for free slaves in Kansas and lead a unsuccessful raid on Harpers Ferry to gain weapons, but failed and was hung. |
| Robert E. Lee | Stopped John Brown at Harpers Ferry, but was most known as the Commander of The Confederate States of America. He ended the war when he surrendered to Ulysses at Appomattox court house. |
| Andrew Johnson | Became the 17th president of the U.S. when Lincoln was assassinated, was against slavery but still though Whites were supreme. He fought the Racial Republicans and was the first president to be impeached. |
| Susan B. Anthony | Was born in a Quaker family and fought for anti-slavery, Women Suffrage and was a Quaker. Gave speeches for Women's Suffrage. |
| Sitting Bull | Helped his people fight against the movement of Indians on Reservations and was killed when being arrested. In the Battle of Little Bighorn, he beat Custer. |
| George Custer | Went to West Point, and fought in the Civil War. After the Civil War, he was the commander of the 7th Regiment and his all his men was killed by Sitting Bull. |
| Cornelius Vanderbilt. | Helped transport troops during the Civil War. He made his money off of Railroad and Transportation. He used his business skills to know were to be in business. |
| John Rockefeller | Founded Standard Oil and dominated the Oil Industry. He had a Monopoly and trust, and is worth $336 Billion in todays money. |
| Andrew Carnegie | Mass Produced Steel need for Car, railroads, and cities. Dominated the Steel industry and donated about 90% of his wealth. |
| Jamestown | Was the first permanent settlement in America, that made its money off of tobacco. It then became a Boomtown. |
| Plymouth | Was a colony created by pilgrims in Massachusetts. Many die, but survived with the help of the Indians. They created thanks giving. The Mayflower brought the pilgrims here. |
| Lexington and Concord | Was the first battle of the Revolutionary War, the colonies won the battles. The famous shot around the world was fired. |
| Erie Canal | Shipping on water was the cheapest and best way to transport goods, so the Erie Canal was the first route from the Atlantic ocean to the great lakes. |
| The Alamo | Happened on 1863 when Mexico attacked Texas during The Texas Revolution. The Mexicans won and kill all of the Texans but three. |
| Fort Sumter | The first battle of the Civil War took place here, though their were no causuates for either side during the battle. The battle lasted two days and the outcome was the start of the Civil War. |
| Harpers Ferry | The location where Abolitionist John Brown attacked the Harpers Ferry Arsenal to get weapons for the Abolitionist movement. He was defeated when the U.S. Marines stopped the raid. He was hung. |
| Gettysburg | Gettysburg was the location were the battle of Gettysburg occurred which had over 45,000+ injures. The battle lasted three days, and was a union victory when Lee brought his troops back to Virginia. Lincoln gave the Gettysburg Address here. |
| Appomattox CourtHouse | Robert E Lee and the Northern Army of Virginia surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant after a long battle and starved men, which is considered to be the end of the Civil War |
| Fords Theater | Ford Theater was the Location were President Lincoln was assassinated. He was assassinated by John Booth. Andrew Johnson became president and the reconstruction era started. |
| Promontory Point, Utah | This was the place that the Transcontinental Railroad was complete. It linked the Union Pacific from the east and the Central Pacific from the west. On May 10, 1869 the last spike was put in and the news was sent through telegraph saying done. |
| Ellis Island and Angle Island | Ellis Island and Angle Island were two Immigrant islands that took in Immigrants. Angle Island is in San Fransisco, and Ellis is in New York. They both used similar processes to determine if Immigrants could go into the island. |
| Declaration of Independence | A document stating that the Thirteen Colonies of Britain are independent from Britain's rule. This sparked the Revolutionary War. |
| Revolutionary War | The Thirteen Colonies declared that they were independent from Britain, so this started a Revolutionary War. The Thirteen Colonies won with the help of France. The Colonies later became The United States of America. |
| Article of Confederation | Was the first constitution in the U.S. though was rushed and was needed soon. The Articles had no strong Authority. |
| Great Compromise | The Great Compromise created a equal system for the states and their say in government. Their are two bodies. One is the Senate where every state has two senators. The second is the House of Representatives based off of the population of each state. |
| Passing of the Constitution | The constitution was passed on 1788. It has 27 amendments and only had 10 when ratified. It tells how the government is set, rights, laws, etc. |
| Adding a Bill of Rights | They were the first ten amendments on the Constitution, they gave individual rights to keep a to strong central government. Now there are 27 current amendments. |
| Louisiana Purchase | In 1803, France sold the Louisiana Territory for $15 million to the U.S. It was 828,000 square miles of land and doubled the size of the U.S. This started the movement west. |
| Missouri Compromise | The Missouri compromise keep the balance of slave states and anti slave states balanced. Missouri became a slave state and Maine was made a state from Massachusetts. Any land north of the 36, 30 parallel line was antislavery except Missouri. |
| Indian Removal Act | It was passed by Andrew Jackson on 1830, moving all southern Indians west to reservations. Indians that didn't assimilate died. 2,000 to 6,000 died on the Trail of Tears, a mayor route to the reservation. |
| Mexican-American War | It was from 1846-1848 after the annex of Texas. America won, and the war was ended by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. It helped expansion west as by hoped by President Polk. |
| California Gold Rush | In 1848, gold was found in California. Around 300,000 people rushed to California, half by sea, half by land. Gold miners were referred to as the Forty niners. |
| The Homestead Act | The Homestead Act was signed by Lincoln in 1862, which made ownership and price of land cheaper. Anyone that had not been in arms with the government, and was the head of the family could apply for federal land. Seven laws where added in the end of the 1800s and begin of 1900s. |
| Industrial Revoultion | The industrial Revolution took place in the late 1700s and the early 1800s that transformed the way we manufactured things and how the economy was. The industrial Revolution started in Britain, spread to Europe, and America. Mass production started, so product, supplies and demand rose. |
| Underground Railroad | Was a system of routes and hiding places that was from around 1800s-1860s. Many slaves used the route to escape and most head to Canada. Suggested that 100,000 slaves used it to escape. |
| Seneca Falls Convention | It was the first woman's rights convention in July 19-20, 1848. Many followed after and the number of suffragist and quakers increased. These conventions were often until the Civil War broke out, putting the focus on war efforts. Few men supported but the majority was woman. |
| Compromise of 1850 | The compromise took place in 1850 which was five separate bills. It was introduced by Henry Clay, a senator who preposed the ideas that California became a free state, New Mexico comes from Texas to pay their debt, and the slave trade stops in D.C. It was a temporary fix but not a permanent one. |
| Kansas- Nebraska Act | In 1854, popular sovereignty would decide on the issue of slavery in both states and broke the Missouri Compromise. Many gorilla fighting broke out in hope to choice their side. Bleeding Kansas was used as a term to describe all the blood shed. |
| Dred Scott vs. Sanford | In 1857, Dred Scott, a slave moved to a free territory with his master. He went to the supreme court to sue his master to moving him to a free state. His master won because Dred Scott was a slave and had no right to bring him to court. This allowed slavery everywhere on some sort of level and said slaves were not citizens. |
| Fugitive Slave Act | In 1850, the Fugitive Slave act was past which said all escaped slaves must be caught and returned to their master in the south. Slave Catchers went to the north and any African American could be said to be a slave, putting many people at risk. |
| Bleeding Kansas | Bleeding Kansas is a term used when the Nebraska- Kansas Act was passed in 1854. Popular sovereignty would decide on Kansas to be Pro or Anti Slavery. Gorilla Fighting broke out as the Pro and Anti Slavery forces clashed. Polls were rigged and many were killed. |
| Civil War | The Civil War took place in 1861 and ended in 1865. It started when President Lincoln was elected and South Carolina succeed from the nation because they were afraid slavery would end. Many southern states followed and created the Confederate States of America. War broke out, the union won because of a Blockade and they also had many troops. |
| Emancipation Proclamation | In 1863, after the victor of Antietam, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which set all slaves in the south free. Many slave owners didn't let their slaves go, but the Union army marched and told slaves they were free. This enraged the south. |
| Civil War Drafts Riots | On July 13-16, 1863, Riots broke out in New York because the draft for the Civil War was released. The rich could pay $300 to get out of the draft. Many fires and robbery's broke out and Federal Troops marched to suppress the fighting, though they clashed with the rioters. |
| Gettysburg Address | The Gettysburg Address was a speech gave by Lincoln in 1863. His speech was after Gettysburg, honoring all of the dead and encouraging the Union to win the War so they don't die in vain. |
| Reconstruction | Was a era from 1865 to about 1877. It started after the Civil War during the time were the relationship between the north and south was being repaired. It also was a time of debate how many rights American Americans would receive. Politically, it was the democrats vs to Radical Republicans or Republicans. It ended when Rutherford B Hayes became president and removed troops from the south. |
| Civil War Amendment (13th/14th/15th) | The 13th amendment was passed in 1865 which banned slavery forever in America. The 14th amendment was passed in 1868 which gave African Americans and anyone born in America full citizen rights. The 15th Amendment gave African Americans the right to vote in 1870. |
| Completion of Transcontinental Railroad | On May 10, 1869, the First Transcontinental Railroad was completed in Promontory Point, Utah. Now people and goods could be transported at a much quicker rate. America was now a connected country. |
| Indian Wars | The Indian Wars were conflicts that took place in the 1800s and ended in 1890. 19,000 Whites died and 45,000 Indians died in the conflict. Wounded Knee ended the conflict because of a Massacre of Indians. Most Indians then Assimilated or moved to reservations. |
| Gilded Age | Lasted from about the 1870s to 1900s which was a period of superficial economic growth. Many people became rich because of the assemble line and Industry Revolution. Many americans saw others become rich and hoped to one day become rich. |
| Populist Party | From about 1890-1896 the Populist party was formed, by farmers who felt they needed a voice. They join together and opposed the Republicans who they believe they favored large business Monopolies. They joined forces with democrats and ended in 1896. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | The decision took place in 1896 which was a case that a African American man sat in a whites only train cart. He was taken to court for breaking the law, but he said that segregation was unconstitutional. It was taken to he Supreme Court. He lost the court, continuing separate but equal. |
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