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Flashcards by reichlematthew, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by reichlematthew
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Amendment | In the US constitution, it's an official law that can be added to the constitution with 3/4ths votes from both congress and the 50 states. |
| Assimilate | To completely understand new ideas, information or culture |
| Bias | to unfairly show favor to one side |
| Bicameral | to have two branches or a legislative body, like the United States congress |
| Blockade | A way of stopping goods from entering or leaving a place |
| Boomtown | A town hat is rapidly growing due to some kind of success or prosperity |
| Capitalism | An economic system where a countries industry and trade are owned by private citizens as oppose to the government |
| Captain of Industry | a wealthy business leader who contributed positively to his/her country in some way. like jobs, increasing market or acts of philanthropy |
| Checks and balances | a system in the US government where the 3 branches have influences to regulate the power of the other branches |
| Congress | the legislative part of a countries government |
| Due process of law | fair treatment in the judicial system |
| Economics | knowledge that has to do with production, consumption and the transfer of wealth |
| Emancipated | To free from bondage |
| Enumerated | to say something seperately in a list like counting |
| Enfranchise | To give the right to vote |
| Federalism | The separation of powers between a national, local and state level |
| Forty-niners | The mascot of the San Francisco football team but to signify the year the gold rush started |
| Free Enterprise | A system where private businesses can compete with one another with little interference from the government |
| Habeas Corpus | A law giving one, under arrest, the right to be seen before a judge or go on trial |
| Industry | economic activity that has to do with processing raw goods into manufactured goods that takes place in a factory |
| Judicial | the part of a nations government that has to do with judgement in courts of justice and interpreting laws |
| Ku Klux Klan | a secretive organization that started after the civil war meant to intimidate blacks and anyone who supported blacks through violence |
| Manifest Destiny | A belief that it was the destiny of the US to spread west from coast to coast |
| Martyr | a person who is killed because of their religious beliefs |
| Monopoly | complete control of an industry, trade, supply or service |
| Nomadic | someone who moves around a lot for a variety of reasons |
| Override | when the president veto's a law proposed by congress. Congress can override his veto with 2/3rd s majority |
| Popular Soveignty | states that the election of government officials is decided by the people |
| Ratify | to approve |
| Radical | to do, believe or say something uncommon or very different |
| Republicanism | states that the election of government officials is decided by the people |
| Robber Baron | A wealthy and greedy businessman who would stop at nothing to get more money even if it's immoral |
| Rural | a geographical area that is located outside cities or towns |
| Separation of Powers | The separation of power between three branches of government, Judicial, Legislative and Executive |
| Social Darwinism | The belief related to normal darwinism that states that the people who have the better business skills and will succeed and those who don't will fail |
| Suffrage | the right to vote in political elections |
| Supreme Court | The highest court in the United Staes consisting of nine judges |
| Tariff | the tax made by the government on imports or exports and other things |
| Taxation without representation | To be taxed by a government in which that person has no say in |
| Trade Union | An organization made to benefit workers with safe working conditions, fair wages and others |
| Urban | A city or town with a dense population |
| Veto | the right of the president to stop a law that is proposed by congress |
| Thomas Jefferson | Thomas Jefferson wrote the declaration of independence. He was also our 3rd president and made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Also sending Lewis and Clark to explore the land a year later. |
| Andrew Jackson | Andrew Jackson was a war hero and also our 7th president. He was a very tough and strong willed president who usually got what he wanted. He is known for relocating Native Americans to Oklahoma in the Trail of Tears. |
| Sacagawea | This young native american women is famous for guiding Lewis and Clark on their expedition to the pacific ocean. Without her Lewis and Clark probably wouldn't have made it and westward expansion would have been delayed years. |
| James Polk | Mr. Manifest destiny is the nickname for our 11th president. He is known for accumulating more land than any other president. These include Texas, Oregon Terr. and the southwest. |
| Frederick Douglass | This man is a former slave who's life became famous through the narrative of Frederick Douglass. He is also a famous abolitionists who famously spoke out against slavery. |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | This woman was a famous abolitionist who wrote fiction books depicting the life of slaves. Her most famous being Uncle Tom's Cabin. Her books opened peoples eyes on the horrible lives of slaves. |
| John Brown | Another abolitionist whom used violence to fight the advance of slavery through Kansas. He was killed trying to rob the Federal arsenal to arm slaves to fight back. |
| Robert E. Lee | This man was the primary and best confederate general. He won many battles in the east, especially Virginia. He surrendered at Appomattox courthouse in 1965 which ended the war. |
| Andrew Johnson | The 17th president of the US. He was also the vice president to Abraham Lincoln. He was a democrat who didn't support black equality. He supported the south after the civil war and was an enemy to republicans in congress. |
| Susan B. Anthony | This woman was a leader for women's rights and suffrage. She worked with Elizabeth Stanton and tirelessly worked for women equality. |
| Sitting Bull | This is a famous Lakota Indian Chief who fought back against whites. He was later captured and killed with 200 others in the massacre of Wounded Knee. |
| George Custer | This man was high ranking in the US military. He signed a peace treaty with Lakota Indians promising not to remove them from their lands. He later broke that promise and he was killed trying to remove them from their lands in the battle of Little Big Horn. |
| Cornelius Vanderbilt | This man who helped build America was a multibillionaire. He mostly made his money after railroads. He donated to charity a lot and even has a college named after him. |
| John Rockefeller | This is the richest man who ever lived. He helped build America. He was the first one to really mass produce refined oil and sell it rapidly. |
| Andrew Carnegie | Another man who built america. He was the first person to mass produce clean steel. He became a billionaire but was known to give workers bad working conditions and low wages. He gave much money to libraries. |
| Jamestown | This is the first European settlement of the new world where they were looking for gold but instead John Ralph got rich over tobacco. |
| Plymouth | The second European settlement at Plymouth rock where people were seeking religious refuge when they came on the Mayflower. They survived from the Indians help in the first Thanksgiving. |
| Lexington and Concord | These two cities were going to be attacked by the British because of weapons, but Paul Revere got there first and warned the militia who were able to chase away the British. |
| Erie Canal | This canal connected Chicago with the Atlantic Ocean. It opened up trade and things became cheaper and more economic opportunities were available. |
| The Alamo | When Texas was seeking independence from Mexico the Mexican army massacred many Texans here. That gave inspiration to a lot of people that said remember the Alamo. Texas eventually gained their independence. |
| Harpers Ferry | This city in Virginia is the home of the federal arsenal. John Brown attempted to rob it in order to arm slaves to fight back against slavery. He fail and was captured. He was executed a week later. |
| Fort Sumter | This is the first battle of the civil war. Where union troops surrendered a fort off of the coast of South Carolina. No casualties. The confederacy won. |
| Gettysburg | This was the bloodiest battle of the civil war in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Gerneral Lee tried to attack the north but lost a third of his army about 51,000 American men died. This is also where Abraham Lincoln gave the famous Gettysburg address. |
| Appomattox Courthouse | This small courthouse in Virginia is where Generals Grant and Lee met to agree the terms of Lee's surrender. Days later the other confederate generals surrendered and the war was over in the unions favor. |
| Ford's Theater | This place is a the theater where Abraham Lincoln went to see a play after the war ended. Sadly it's also where John Wilkes Booth assassinated president Lincoln. This would have a horrible affect on our country. |
| Promontory Point, Utah | This point in the Utah desert is where the transcontinental railroad was finished. From that point the east and west became connected. The railroad went from San Francisco to Omaha. |
| Ellis and Angel island | Immigrant coming to America were to first stop on these island to become legal citizens of the United States. They were checked for criminal and health records. Most people made it in but some were deported. |
| Declaration of Independence | This important document was known as "our break up letter with Britain." Very important in our nations history. It was written by Thomas Jefferson and signed by many men. This sparked the revolutionary war which led to our independence. |
| Revolutionary War | The 13 colonies wanted their independence from britain so the started the first war in our nations history. The revolutionary war was a war with basically militia versus trained men. THe colonies won independence anyway. |
| Articles of Confederation | This document was our first constitution. It was a missing a lot of elements that were needed to run a country. It had many flaws and so they wrote a new one 9 years later which is still our constitution today. |
| Great Compromise | The New Jersey plan wanted each state to have an equal amount of representatives in congress and the Virginia plan wanted representation based off population. They compromised by including both forming the senate and the house. |
| Passing of the Constitution | The new and improved constitution was passed in 1789 and nine years after the articles of confederation. It was a great document and probably the most important. We still use it to this day. |
| Adding the Bill of Rights | The bill of rights are the first 10 amendments to our constitution. They listed the 10 important rights of the citizens of the United States. They cannot be taken away or denied to anyone. |
| Louisiana Purchase | In 1803 Thomas Jefferson wanted to buy New Orleans from Napoleon but was offered 828,000 square miles instead. For only 15 million dollars. He jumped at the deal and it doubled the size of our country. |
| Missouri Compromise | Missouri wanted to enter the union as a slave state but that would throw off the balance. This compromise said that any state below 36 30 would be a slave state and any state north would become a free state. Also another free state or maine would be formed. |
| Indian Removal Acts | 5 Indian tribes were living in the south so Andrew Jackson signed an act to move them all to Oklahoma. They were forced to move and their journey there was known as the trail of tears. Many died and many indians hate Jackson today. |
| Mexican-American War | This was a short war and a very successful war. After beating Mexico over a period of only a few years the United Staes was able to gain the whole Southwest territories. Including California, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada and Utah. |
| California Gold Rush | In 1849 gold was discovered in San Francisco. People from all over the country came in attempt to get rich. It heavily increased California's population. The 49ers honor the event with their logo. California's official mineral is gold. |
| Homestead Act | In order to encourage people to move west into the open territories this act was passed. It promised 160 acres of free land as long as one live on it for five years. Many people jumped at the opportunity. |
| Industrial Revolution | A time period during the 1800's where America when technology increased a lot. America was transforming into an agricultural nation to an industrial nation. Factories were being built and people were moving to the cities. |
| Underground Railroad | When slavery was still going on in the south many slaves attempted to escape to the north. They used the underground railroad. It was a series of secret hiding places along a route in the south that led to the north. |
| Seneca Falls Convention | In Seneca Falls, New York in 1848 many women who were aspiring for equal rights gathered. THey discussed strategies and their point to one day be equal as men. |
| Compromise of 1850 | This compromise first admitted California as a free state while leaving Utah and New Mexico up to popular sovereignty. Also banning the slave trade inWashington DC while making stricter fugitive slave laws. |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | This compromise left the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide on slavery through popular vote. This caused many people to flood to Kansas which led to bleeding Kansas. |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | This compromise left the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide on slavery through popular vote. This caused many people to flood to Kansas which led to bleeding Kansas. |
| Dred Scott v. Sanford | This supreme court ruling stated that any people of African descent were not considered citizens and cannot sue in court. Also saying that congress didn't have power to ban slavery in the territories. |
| Fugitive Slave Act | The fugitive slave act made it possible for lost slaves to return to their owners who they have escaped from in the south. These laws made to where no black person was safe in the United States. |
| Bleeding Kansas | After the Kansas Nebraska act people from both the south and the north were moving to Kansas. There was much conflict to assure that Kansas becomes a free state. All the conflict was known as bleeding Kansas |
| Civil War | This war from the conflict over slavery in the United States. The south seceded and the war started. It took 5 years and was the bloodiest war in american history. The North won and the nation was brought back together. |
| Emancipation Proclamation | After the battle of Antietam Abraham Lincoln issued the Proclamation of Emancipation. It stated that all areas in rebellion slavery is banned. That's exempting the border states. |
| Civil War Draft Riots | During the civil war wealthy people were able to pay out of the war. That made the poor people who had to fight in the war mad. As a result in 1863 they rioted against and vandalized rich peoples properties. |
| Gettysburg Address | Some say this is the most important speech in American History. When Abraham Lincoln after the battle of Gettysburg said in an inspirational speech about how we should continue to fight for the country to save it from ending. The main purpose was to honor the soldiers who died and to make a memorial. |
| Reconstruction | This was a period after the civil war where the nation had to rebuild it self physically and emotionally. In order to be one united nation again. It was also to find a place for the 4 million former slaves. TO give them rights. |
| Civil War Amendments | The three new amendments made after the civil war were called the civil war amendments. The 13th amendment was said to ban all institutions of slavery in the US forever. The 14th was that all people born in the US regardless of color are citizens. Last is the 15th that said the right to vote could not be denied to anyone. |
| Completion of the Transcontinental Railroad | The transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869. It connected the eastern and western half of the United States. It was now easier to communicate, travel and trade between the different halves of the US. |
| Indian Wars | During westward expansion the whites were moving into the Indian Territory and trying to force them to move. The Indians fought back in order to not move. They won very few battles but eventually either assimilated died fighting or moved to a reservation. |
| Gilded Age | This is a period where the United States underwent extreme economic growth. That was from the outside though because the truth was that all that wealth was shared between a small number of people. Most people were very poor. |
| Populist Party | Rich people were controlling the government and making it only in favor for them. As a result the peoples party was formed to give the power back to the people. It eventually died off. BTW it started in Kansas. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Homer Plessy was refused to sit in a public car because he was black. He sued saying that it was against his rights. The supreme court ruled against him and said it's okay as long as its "Separate but Equal." That phrase would be used to defend Jim Crow laws until the civil rights movement. |
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