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| Question | Answer |
| The Internet What is PoP? | Point of Presence- an access point to the internet; normally a location containing all hardware allowing people to access the internet. |
| The Internet What is NAP? | Network Access Point- an interchange between networks within the internet. |
| The Internet What is IP? | Internet Protocol- the protocol used to route packets of information across the internet. |
| The Internet What is TCP? | Transmission Control Protocol- the protocol that takes data from a user's application program and passes it to the IP to be transferred across the internet. |
| The Internet What is FTP? | File Transfer Protocol- Allows files to be transferred between two computers on a TCP-based network. |
| The Internet What is an ISP? | Internet Service Provider- provides cost-effective gateway for people to access the internet. |
| The Internet What kind of other services do ISPs often also provide? | Email, technical support, troubleshooting and web space for the development of websites. |
| The Internet What is a server? | A program/computer that runs purely to serve the needs of other computers. |
| The Internet What is a Client? | A computer that uses the services provided by the server. |
| The Internet What is a router? | A piece of hardware that connects two or more networks. |
| The Internet What is a connecting backbone? | The main connecting data routes between large and small networks in local regions. |
| The Internet Give some advantages and disadvantages of Wireless internet connection | Not fixed to a computer, can be used wherever there's a wireless hub. Need a wireless hub, less secure connection, slower data transmission. |
| The Internet Give some advantages and disadvantages of Broadband connection. | Can give better connections, faster than dial-up. Requires a base which is wired in, less flexible. |
| The Internet Give some advantages and disadvantages of Dial-up connection. | Can use existing telephone circuits. technology can give poor reception, digital-analogue signals can cause errors, slower than other methods. |
| The Internet What is bandwidth and what is it measured in? | a measure of the available capacity of a network, measured in bits per second. |
| The Internet What is transmission rate? | The number of pieces of information that have been transferred per second (or during a set time period) |
| Worldwide Web 1 What is a web server? | A computer on which websites are held on, delivers web pages to computers. |
| Worldwide web What is a Hypertext Markup Language? | a language document files that need to be translated by web browsers are written in. |
| Worldwide web 1 What is HTML? | A computer language used to create web pages. |
| Worldwide web 1 What programs can create HTML and how? | Adobe Dreamweaver Microsoft Expression -They use templates and wizards. |
| Worldwide web 1 define a tag in terms of HTML. | they usually operate in pairs and there is always an opening and closing tag. HTML's are made up of a series of tags. |
| Worldwide web 1 what is HTML used to do for a website? | HTML builds up a whole website- colours it, positions text and images, etc. |
| Worldwide web 2 What does URL stand for? | Uniform Resource Locator |
| Worldwide web 2 What is a URL? | A string of characters that identifies a web page. URL's are made up of three components. |
| Worldwide web 2 How does a search engine work? | They retrieve information from the HTML's of web pages and store them on an indexed database. When a phrase is searched it looks for 'best matches'. |
| Worldwide web 2 Search engines are not commercial businesses- true or false? | false- companies can pay search engines to improve their position in the ranking. |
| Email How does Email use a store and forward system? | An email is stored on an Email server, which is forwarded to the recipient when they sign in. |
| Email What is the list of contact details on an Email program? | An address book. |
| Email What is an attachment? | a file sent with an Email (e.g. photos, documents, spreadsheets) |
| Email What does it mean for an Email to be sent to multiple recipients? | The same Email is sent to a number of people. |
| Email give four benefits of Email | speed of delivery no cost added to broadband global scale multiple recipient delivery record of correspondence |
| Email give four drawbacks of Email. | privacy and security must have internet access spam viruses phishing scams |
| Email What is SMTP? | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol- the internet standard used for sending messages across IP networks |
| Email What is POP3? | Post Office Protocol 3- used to retrieve emails from an email server over a TCP/IP connection. |
| Email What is IMAP? | Internet Message Access Protocol- also retrieves Emails from servers. |
| Data exchange 1 What is VoIP? | Voice over Internet Protocol- group of internet protocols that send voice and multimedia messages. |
| Data exchange 1 What is codec? | a coder/decoder program required to run VoIP systems, digitises analogue voice signals. |
| Data exchange 1 data can be exchanged between a computer and a network without wires- true or false? | true- wireless network. |
| name two alternative transmission methods. | UTP/STP Coaxia Fibre optic |
| Data exchange 1 State the benefits of these methods of transmission | UTP/STP- low cost and adaptable Coaxia- fast and reliable Fibre optic- fast, works over long distance |
| State the limitations of these transmission methods. | UTP/STP- Slower and has less capacity Coaxia- costs more, susceptible to noise Fibre optic- complex connection equipment |
| Data exchange 2 name the three common modes of transmission. | Simple transmission Half-duplex transmission Full duplex transmission |
| Data exchange What is simplex transmission? | Sends data in one direction only. |
| Data exchange 2 What is half-duplex transmission? | allows two-way transmissions, but not at the same time. |
| Data exchange 2 What is full-duplex transmission? | allows two-way communication at the same time. |
| Data exchange 2 what is parallel transmission? | A number of bits of data are transmitted over an equal number of wires/channels at the same time. |
| Data exchange 2 What is serial transmission? | Bits of data are transmitted one at a time over a single wire/channel. |
| Data exchange 2 What is bi-directional transmission? | transmitting in both directions. |
| Data exchange 2 What is client-side processing? | The use of a scripting language to create code on web pages to provide interactivity. |
| Data exchange 2 Stat the advantages of client-side processing. | Speed- the interaction may be faster Security- it is more secure as all action takes place in the page, nothing comes from the browser (avoids corruption or security problems) |
| Data exchange 2 State the disadvantages of client-side processing. | Browser specific- may have to create different versions depending on the browser. computer speed- can be affected by the speed of your own computer |
| Data exchange What is server-side processing? | Involves the use of scripts that are run on another computer. Information is submitted to a server which processes it to form a web page. |
| Data exchange 2 State the advantages of server-side processing. | efficiency- does not have to be downloaded browser independent- runs on any browser speed- only affected by speed of web server |
| Data exchange 2 State the disadvantages of server-side processing. | Security- security risks Overloading- server must be able to cope with lots of users |
| Data storage 1 How is data usually stored? | In a database, in the form of a table. |
| Data storage 1 Name three data types. | Text Number date/time logical (yes/no, true/false) |
| Data storage 1 What is a primary key? | the unique identifier of each record in the table. |
| Data storage 1 What is a foreign key? | A primary key to another table that is used to access associated information from many tables in only one query. |
| Data exchange 1 What is the link using a foreign key known as? | The relation. |
| Data storage 1 Relationships can only be one-way. True or false? | False- they can also be two-way, one-to-may or many-to-one. |
| Data storage 2 What is an online database? | A database that is accessible using a network. |
| Data storage 2 Name two examples of special database software. | KeepandShare Vectorwise Microsoft Office 365 Alventis |
| Data storage 2 What is a Database management system? | the program that allows you to create and use any database that you need to. |
| Data storage 2 What is the high-level language used to undertake management activity? | Structured Query Language. |
| Data storage 2 Name the two parts of Structured Query Language. | Data Definition Language Data Manipulation Language |
| Data storage 2 What is Data Definition Language used for? | To define the database structure. |
| Data Storage 2 What is Data Manipulation Language used for? | To add, delete, change and query the data in the database structure. |
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