Langage C (WIP)

Question	Answer
stdio.h	Bibliothèque: •entrées / sorties •types •définition de macro ♦ Toujours l'intégrer au programme ♦
stdlib.h	Bibliothèque : •conversion numériques • allocation de mémoire
string.h	Bibliothèque : • fonction sur les chaines de caractères
math.h	Bibliothèque : • fonctions mathématiques
Variables	...
char	Type: Caractères 1 octet Valeurs
int	Type: Entier Taille Valeurs
float	Type: Nombre (max 6 décimales) Taille Valeurs
double	Type: Nombre (max 10 décimales) Taille Valeurs
Déclaration de Variables	Allocation d'espace mémoire auquel on associe un nom > type nom; ex: int car_number;
Initialisation de Variables	>nom = valeur ; OU >type nom = valeur; (Déclaration + Initialisation)
%d	Specifier for integers -32768 to +32767
%f	Specifier for floating-point
%c	Specifier for a character
%s	Specifier for a string of characters
scanf()	Requires 2 arguments in the brackets specifying type of data inputted and where to store it to
long int	Usually default of int and has range of values from -2,147,483,647 to +2,147,483,648
short int	Saves memory space and has range of values from -32,768 to +32,767
Static Variable	Defined outside function, can be used inside using "extern int [variable name];"
Casting	Process of forcing a variable into a variable of a different data type variable2 = (modifier data-type) variable1; [ float2int = (int)num; ]
Translating Stage of Compilation	Compiler translates high-level language in .i file to low-level Assembly language instructions. Generated file is .s file
Assembly Stage of Compilation	Assembler converts assembly language to machine code. Generated object file contains conversion in binary and is .o file
Linking Stage of Compilation	Linker combines one or more binary object .o files into single executable file. Generated file is in binary and has .exe file

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