restless earth flashcards

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GCSE Geography (dynamic planet) Flashcards on restless earth flashcards, created by freya.bellack on 09/09/2015.
freya.bellack
Flashcards by freya.bellack, updated more than 1 year ago
freya.bellack
Created by freya.bellack about 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
How thick is the crust 16km-60km
The lithosphere consists of what? continental crust and the oceanic crust
Name two features of continental crust Made of granite Physical state is solid
Name two features of oceanic crust? Made of Basalt Physical state is solid
What temperature is the core? 4000-5000 degrees
How do convection currents cause plate movement 1. The core heats the molten rock in the mantle to create a convection current. 2. Heated rock from the mantle rises to the Earth's surface. 3. At the surface the convection current moves the tectonic plates in the crust. 4. Molten rock cools and flows back to the core to be reheated.
What happens when two plates are pulled apart? A new crust is created
What is a hotspot Heat rising as columns
what does subduction used to describe in plate movement when the oceanic plate sinks beneath the continental plate because it's denser
name the four plate boundaries destructive constructive conservative collision
why would a developing country that suffers from an earthquake result in more deaths than a developed country? because it would have less money to build earthquake proof buildings than developed countries resulting in more people killed.
the impact of a hazard depends on the size of the even vulnerability of population how prepared they are
what generate earthquakes? volcanic eruptions as well as conservative plate boundaries
where can some volcanoes be found? at hotspots
shield volcano characteristics - found on constructive plate boundaries - thin runny lava - gently sloping sides - contains basaltic magma - frequent - non violent
strato volcano characteristics - found on destructive plate boundaries - viscous sticky lava - steep sides - contains andesitic magma - infrequent - violent
what measures the strength of the volcano magnitude
what does the Richter scale measure the amount of energy released
what measures the effects of the volcano? mercalli scale
why do some volcanoes cause more damage than others? it all depends on the time of day, the vulnerability of the area economically and environmentally. the population density and severity of the eruption also contribute
why are natural hazards difficult to predict? because we don't know when they will happen, how big they may be, whereabouts it will take place.
what can help us predict them? volcanoes swelling increase in gas emissions animals moving away from the area increase in soil temperature
list three things needed after a natural hazard occurs? volunteers clean water medical help
5 ways to strengthen a building? - rubber and steel foundations - cross bracing - deeper foundations - strong framework - strengthen walls
one way a developing country may strengthen a building differently? add timber diagonal braces which reduce movement
an example of an earthquake? Haiti 2010 7.0 magnitude
primary impacts of the Haiti earthquake? - people trapped under rubble - phone lines down - streets blocked from collapsed buildings - powerlines down
why were the immediate responses to the earthquake so slow because it is a very poor country and the relief effort was uncoordinated
another volcano example montserrat volcano 1995
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