3484270
Description
Flashcards by Amy Gamble, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Amy Gamble
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| All living things are made of what? | Cells |
| what are the smallest units to be alive? | Cells |
| What are the 2 biggest divisions of characteristics between cells? | prokaryotes and eukaryotes |
| Compare a prokaryotic cell to an eukaryotic cell | prokaryotic is small and simpler than the eukaryotes and they do not have a nucleus unlike the eukaryotes |
| What is the purpose of a cell wall? | It gives the cell rigidity and strength |
| What are cell walls made of in plant cells and bacteria cells? | Plant cells- cellulose Bacteria cells- Murein/mucopeptide/ peptidoglycan |
| What is the purpose of Cell membranes? | 1.Separates the contents of the cell from the outside environment 2. Controls the entry and exit of materials/chemicals to and from the cell (Selectively permeable) |
| What is the purpose of Microvilli? | Small finger like extensions of the cell membrane found in certain cells as in the epithelial cells of the intestine and kidney, where they increase the surface area for absorption of materials. |
| What is the purpose of Undulipodium (flagella or Cilia)? | Long flexible tail in some cells used for motility. Extenstion of the cytoplasm, surrounded by a cell membrane Full of microtubules and motor proteins to make capable of complex swimming movements |
| What is the difference between flagellum and cilium? | Flagella is usually longer than the cell, and there are usually only one or two of them Cilium are usually smaller and there are normally many of them Identical in structure |
| What is the purpose of Centrioles? | Pair of short microtubules involved in cell division Before each division the centriole replicates itself and the two centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell, where they initiate the spindle that organised and separates chromosomes |
| What's the purpose of the Cytoskeleton? | Network of protein fibres that extend throughout all eukaryotic cells Used for support, motility and transport |
| What is the purpose of Lymosomes? | Small membrane bound vesicles formed from RER containing a cocktail of digestive enzymes Used to break down toxins, organelles, unwanted chemicals and even whole cells so materials can be recycled. Can fuse with a feeding vacuole to digest it's contents |
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