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| Question | Answer |
| Nucleolus | - Is within the nucleus - Produces ribosomes that move into the endoplasmic reticulum and are critical for protein synthesis ANIMALS and PLANTS |
| Nucleus | - Enclosed in a double membrane - Contains DNA - Communicates with surrounding cytosol through many nuclear pores ANIMALS and PLANTS |
| Cytosol | - Material that all the organelles are in - Most of cellular metabolism happens here - Full of proteins that control cell metabolism ANIMALS and PLANTS and BACTERIA |
| Cytoplasm | - Refers to the cytosol and the organelles within it ANIMALS and PLANTS and BACTERIA |
| Centriole | - Composed of 9 groups of fused microtubules - Each group has 3 microtubules ANIMALS and PLANTS - Are a part of the cytoskeleton - The 2 centrioles are perpendicular when they are next to each other |
| Golgi Apparatus | - Used to package macromolecules for transport - Made of stack of membrane bound vesicles ANIMALS and PLANTS |
| Lysosome | - Contains hydrolytic enzymes used for intracellular digestion - Released into the vacuole to kill and digest any bacteria PLANTS and ANIMALS |
| Peroxisome | - Protects the cell from its own production of hydrogen peroxide PLANTS and ANIMALS - Contains oxidative enzymes that break the hydrogen peroxide into hydrogen and water |
| Secretory Vesicle | - Used for packaging the cell's secretory materials in the Golgi Apparatus PLANTS and ANIMALS - Vesicles are then transported to the cell surface for release |
| Cell Membrane | - Made of a phospholipid bilayer - Separates the inside of the cell from the outside - Is selective about what materials can go in and out - Proteins in the membrane used for transport, enzymatic activity and signal transduction PLANTS and ANIMALS and BACTERIA |
| Mitochondria | - Has a double plasma membrane (inner membrane has folds: cristae) - ATP is produced by the combining of oxygen and sugar on the cristae - Provides the energy a cell needs to move, divide, and secrete PLANTS and ANIMALS |
| Vacuole | - Membrane bound sac that is important for intracellular digestion - Gives cell shape and rigidity - In plant cells: stores water, nutrients, and waste products, regulates turgor pressure PLANTS and ANIMALS |
| Cell Wall | - Maintains shape of cell - Serves as a protective barrier - Regulates Turgor pressure PLANTS and BACTERIA |
| Chloroplast | - Contains chlorophyll, which helps plant cells to absorb sunlight and photosynthesize - Has a double membrane PLANTS |
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | - Where lipids are synthesized - Complex network of microtubules and vesicles - Made of a phospholipid bilayer - Stores Ca ions to help with energy release in muscle cells - Breaks down toxins and drugs from the body PLANTS and ANIMALS |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | - Contains ribosomes on its surface that produce proteins - Made of a phospholipid bilayer - Synthesized proteins then gather here for transport PLANTS and ANIMALS |
| Ribosomes | - Comprised of a small subunit and a large subunit - The site of protein synthesis PLANTS and ANIMALS and BACTERIA |
| Cytoskeleton | - Made of many protein filaments (actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate fibers) - Helps keep cell's shape - Controls the positions of organelles within cytoplasm PLANTS and ANIMALS |
| Flagella | - Helps cell to move around - Made of microtubules BACTERIA |
| Capsule | - Sticky, protective coating that helps the cell attach to other cells BACTERIA |
| Pili/Cilia | - Helps cell to move around BACTERIA |
| Nucleoid Region | - Contains genetic material and DNA for building proteins BACTERIA |
| Centrosome | - The area where microtubules are produced - Usually close to the nucleus - Part of the cytoskeleton |
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