36654204
| Question | Answer |
| What aspect of the joint are humeral condylar fractures most common? | Lateral (70%) |
| How would you treat ruptured palmar carpal ligaments? | Athrodesis |
| In which direction does hip luxation usually occur? | Craniodorsally |
| How do you treat Legg-calve-perthes disease? | FHNE |
| A 6mo Lab presents with HL lameness. On examination he takes short strides, bunny hops occasionally, and has bilateral muscle atrophy over the hips. What test should you perform next? | Ortolani |
| What can cause a negative ortolani, but is pathological? | Dislocation |
| A 6yo Crossbreed presents with mild pelvic limb lameness. On exam there is quapriceps atrophy, joint swelling around the stifle, What tests do we want to perform? | Tibial thrust and cranial drawer |
| Which orthopaedic test result does a TPLO correct? | Tibial thrust, NOT cranial drawer |
| What angle are we aiming for with a TPLO? | 6-7 |
| What concurrent injury often occurs with cranial cruciate rupture | Medial meniscal damage |
| Which way does the patellar usually luxate? | Medially |
| A 5 month old Westie presents as dull, drooling, and not eating. On exam he has a large mandible. What dx is likely and what test to perform? | Craniomandobular osteopathy, X-ray |
| When do you use surgical fixation in metabone / phalangeal fracture? | >2 bones affected, displaced fragments, articular surface affected |
| Name 4 radiographical features of Osteoarthritis | osteophytes, new bone formation, subchondral sclerosis and joint effusion |
| What are the features of a septic joint synovial fluid analysis? | Turbid, increased volume, decreased viscosity, neutrophils |
| How do you definitively diagnose polyarthritis? | Arthrocentesis of at least 6 joints - neutrophil count up to 80x10^9/l |
| What are the radiographical signs of osteochondrosis dissecans? | Thickened cartilage, mineralised flap, 'joint mice', osteophyte |
| What are the main sites for OCD in the dog? | Shoulder and elbow |
| A 6mo Lab presents with a non-weight bearing, shifting lameness. On examination the bones are painful on palpation. What is the next dx step, and what do you expect to see? | X-rays - patchy 'thumb-print' / increased density of medullary bone |
| A 6mo Lab presents with inappetence, reluctance to stand. On exam he has swollen and painful metaphyses. What is the next dx step, and what do you expect to see? | X-ray - metaphyseal osteopathy - sclerotic line adjacent to normal physes with radiolucent area next to that |
| A 10yo Lab presents with firm, warm swellings in all limbs, He has reportedly been coughing and increased breathing effort over the past few weeks. What is likely causing the swollen limbs? | Maries disease - hypertrophic osteopathy |
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