3758518
| Question | Answer |
| Talc (mineral) Diaphaneity: Translucent Hardness: 1 Cleavage: Basal Used for: Talcum powder, insulators | |
| Gypsum (mineral) Diaphaneity: Transparent Hardness: 2 Cleavage: Basal Used for: Cement, flux in steel making | |
| Calcite (mineral) Diaphaneity: Translucent Hardness: 3 Cleavage: Rhombohedral | |
| Halite (mineral) Diaphaneity: Transparent Hardness: 2.5 Cleavage: 3 Directions @ 90 degrees Used for: Salt | |
| Quartz (mineral) Diaphaneity: Translucent Hardness: 7 Cleavage: None Used for: Glass, electronics | |
| Amphibole (mineral) Diaphaneity: Opaque Hardness: 5-6 Cleavage: 2 Directions, not at 90 Degrees Used for: Rock forming mineral | |
| Pyroxene (mineral) Diaphaneity: Opaque Hardness: 5-6 Cleavage: 2 Directions @ 90 Degrees Used for: Rock forming mineral | |
| Orthoclase (mineral) Diaphaneity: Opaque Hardness: 6 Cleavage: 2 Directions @ 90 Degrees Used for: Gemstones, ceramics | |
| Plagioclase (mineral) Diaphaneity: Opaque Hardness: 6-6.5 Cleavage: 2 Directions @ 90 Degrees Used for: Gemstone, rock forming mineral | |
| Muscovite (mineral) Diaphaneity: Transparent Hardness: 2-2.5 Cleavage: Basal Used for: Insulators, muscovy glass | |
| Biotite (mineral) Diaphaneity: Opaque Hardness: 2.5-3 Cleavage: Basal Used for: Rock forming mineral | |
| Magnetite (mineral) Diaphaneity: Opaque Hardness: 5.5-6.5 Cleavage: Uneven Used for: Magnets, steel | |
| Pyrite (mineral) Diaphaneity: Opaque Hardness: 6-6.5 Cleavage: None Metal: Iron Used for: Fools gold | |
| Chalcopyrite (mineral) Diaphaneity: Opaque Hardness: 3.5-4 Cleavage: None Used for: Wire | |
| Sphalerite (mineral) Diaphaneity: Opaque Hardness: 4 Cleavage: 3 Directions Used for: Galvanizing iron | |
| Galena (mineral) Diaphaneity: Opaque Hardness: 2.5-3 Cleavage: Cubic Metal: Lead Used for: Car batteries | |
| Graphite (mineral) Diaphaneity: Opaque Hardness: 1-2 Cleavage: Basal Used for: Lubricant, high tech metal | |
| Olivine (mineral) Diaphaneity: Translucent Hardness: 6.5-7 Cleavage: None Used for: Gem stones | |
| Obsidian (Igneous) Mineral composition: Orthoclase, quartz, biotite Parent magma composition: Felsic Texture: Glassy Where it formed: Extrusive | |
| Granite (Igneous) Mineral composition: Orthoclase, quartz, and biotite Parent magma composition: Felsic Texture: Phaneritic Where it formed: Intrusive | |
| Rhyolite (Igneous) Mineral Composition: Orthoclase and quartz Parent magma composition: Felsic Texture: Aphanitic Where it formed: Extrusive | |
| Trachyte (Igneous) Mineral Composition: Orthoclase Parent magma composition: Felsic Texture: Porphyritic | |
| Diorite (Igneous) Mineral composition: Plagioclase, amphibole Parent magma composition: Intermediate Texture: Phaneritic Where it formed: Intrusive | |
| Basalt (Igneous) Mineral Composition: Pyroxene and plagioclase Parent magma composition: Mafic Texture: Aphanitic Where it formed: Extrusive | |
| Breccia (Igneous) Mineral composition: N/A Parent magma composition: Felsic Texture: Pyroclastic | |
| Pumice (Igneous) Mineral Composition: Orthoclase and quartz Parent magma composition: Felsic Texture: Glassy Where it formed: Extrusive | |
| Tuff (Igneous) Mineral Composition: N/A Parent magma composition: N/A Texture: Pyroclastic | |
| Peridotite (Igneous) Mineral Composition: Olivine and pyroxene Parent magma composition: Ultramafic Texture: Phaneritic Where it formed: Intrusive | |
| Coquina (sedimentary) Where it's formed: Shorelines What it's used for: Road making Mineral in it: Calcite Texture: Fossil fragments loosely cemented (organic) | |
| Rock Salt (sedimentary) Where it formed: Alluvial fans What it's used for: Salt for ice Mineral in it: Halite Texture: Fine to coarse crystalline | |
| Travertine (sedimentary) Where it formed: Karst environment What it's used for: Paving patio and garden paths Mineral in it: Lime stone Texture: Banded or porous calcite | |
| Chalk Where it formed: Deep ocean environment What it's used for: Writing on blackboards Mineral in it: Calcite Texture: Clay-soft, shells of tiny organisms | |
| Micrite (sedimentary) Where it formed: Mud What it's used for: Mudstone Mineral in it: Calcite Texture: Medium grained (clastic) | |
| Sandstone (sedimentary) Where it formed: Eolian environment What it's used for: Construction materials Mineral in it: Quartz and feldspar Texture: Medium grained (clastic) | |
| Conglomerate (sedimentary) Where it formed: Alluvial Fans What it's used for: Mineral in it: Quartz Texture: Coarse grained (clastic) | |
| Gypsum (sedimentary) Where it formed: Alluvial fans What it's used for: Cement, plaster Paris Mineral in it: Gypsum Texture: Fine to coarse crystalline | |
| Shale (sedimentary) Where it formed: Shoreline environment What it's used for: Additive in cement Mineral in it: Quartz and calcite Texture: Very fine grained (clastic) | |
| Chert (sedimentary) Where it formed: Organic reef What it's used for: Mineral in it: Silica Texture: Cryptocrystalline, conchoidal fracture | |
| Siltstone (sedimentary) Where it formed: Shoreline environment What it's used for: Construction Mineral in it: Silica Texture: Fine grained (clastic) | |
| Limestone (sedimentary) Where it formed: Organic reefs What it's used for: Glass and cement Mineral in it: Calcite Texture: Abundant fossils in calcite matrix (clastic) | |
| Arkose (sedimentary) Where it formed: Alluvial fans What it's used for: Paving patio and garden paths Mineral in it: Lime stone Texture: Medium grained (clastic) | |
| Coal (sedimentary) Where it formed: Shore line environment What it's used for: Energy Mineral in it: Carbon Texture: Amorphous, brown to black | |
| Slate (metamorphic) Mineral in it: Quartz, muscovite, chlorite Metamorphic grade: Regional metamorphism, slate Parent rock: Shale Texture: Slaty cleavage (foliated) | |
| Mica Schist (metamorphic) Mineral in it: Quartz, muscovite, biotite Metamorphic grade: Regional metamorphism, schist Parent rock: Shale, mudstone Texture: Schistose (foliated) | |
| Chlorite Schist (metamorphic) Mineral in it: Chlorite Metamorphic grade: Regional metamorphism, schist Parent rock: Shale, mudstone Texture: Schistose (foliated) | |
| Marble (metamorphic) Mineral in it: Chlorite Metamorphic grade: Contact metamorphism Parent rock: Lime stone, dolostone Texture: Fine to coarse grained (non-foliated) | |
| Gneiss (metamorphic) Mineral in it: Feldspar, quartz Metamorphic grade: Regional metamorphism, gneiss Parent rock: Shale, granite Texture: Gneissic layering (foliated) | |
| Quartzite Mineral in it: Quartz Metamorphic grade: Contact metamorphism Parent rock: Quartz, sandstone Texture: Fine to coarse grained (non-foliated) |
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