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Description
Flashcards by Esmeralda Mendoza, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Esmeralda Mendoza
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| 14th Amendment | one of the civil War Amendments;defined US citizenship and guarantees "equal protection under the law's |
| De Jure segregation | segregation established by law. For example Jim Crow & the Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson. |
| De facto segregation | Latin phrase that means "by fact". Segregation that occurred NOT by law but as a result of tradition. Ex. In 1900's blacks and whites attended separate churches. |
| Jim Crow Laws | segregation laws in the South |
| Original Jurisdiction | authority of a court to hear a case for the FIRST time |
| Appellate jurisdiction | the authority of a court to hear a case APPEALED from a lower court |
| legal brief | a written document explaining the position of one side or the other in a case. |
| Majority opinion | a statement that presents the views of a majority of the Supreme Court justices regarding a case |
| Dissenting opinion | a statement written by a Supreme Court justice who disagrees with a majority opinion, presenting his or her own opinion |
| "stare decisis" | principle followed by judges and the Supreme Court: a latin term that means "Let yesterday's decision stand" |
| Precedent | a ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case. |
| Due process of laws | means fair and equal treatment in a cour of law. 5th & 14th Amendments mention due process of laws |
| Reverend J.A. Delaine | a local pastor and teacher at liberty HIll Elementary School. IN 1947, DeLaine and a group of black parents sued Clarendon County School District #22 and asked for a bus for black students. |
| Harry Briggs Jr. v. Elliot | 1949 lawsuit listed the idifferences between the whites schools in Clarendon County SC and the black Scott's Branch School. For ex: the Scott's Branch school had outdoor toilets, well for drawing water, did books, and stoves for heating. The white schools had smaller class sizes, indoor plumbing buses, and new textbooks. |
| Thurgood Marshall | attorney for the black parents in the South Carolina Supreme court case against segregated schools. |
| John W. Davis | Lawyer who represented South Carolina's side; he was arguing for the segregation laws in South Carolina |
| Chief Justice Earl Warren | Chief Justice was an American jurist and politician, who served as the 30th Governor of California and later the 14th Chief Justice of the United States. |
| Dred Scott v. Sanford 1857 | case of a slave named Dred Scott. The Supreme Court ruled that enslaved African Americans were property, not citizens, and had no rights under the Constitution |
| Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 | case about Homer Plessy, a black man, who purchased to ticked to ride in the whites only railroad car in Louisiana. Case established "separate but equal" doctrine |
| Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas 1954 | banned segregation in public schools |
| Briggs v. Elliot 1954 | case that challenged segregated schools in Clarendon County, South Carolina |
| Korematsu v. United States 1944 | During WWII Japanese American Citizens living on the West coast were moved to internment camps. Supreme Court upheld the President's authority to do this. This case is an example of the President's power to issue an executive order, checks and balances, and judicial review. |
| University of California v. Bakke 1978 | Supreme Court case on affirmative action. It bars use of racial quota systems in college admissions but also affirmative action programs are constitutional |
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