3855517
Description
Flashcards by Kyle Gause, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kyle Gause
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| 14th Amendment | One of the Civil War Amendments; defined US citizenship and guarantees "equal protection under the laws" |
| De Jure Segregation | Segregation established by law. For example Jim Crow & the Supreme Court decision Plessy vs. Ferguson |
| De Facto Segregation | Latin phrase meaning "by fact". Segregation that occured NOT by law, but as a result of tradition.Ex. In 1900's blacks and whites attended separate churches |
| Jim Crow Laws | Segregation laws in the South |
| Original Jurisdiction | Authority of a court to hear a case for the FIRST time |
| Appellate Jurisdiction | Authority of a court to hear a case APPEALED from a lower court |
| Legal Brief | Written document explaining the position of one side or the other in a case |
| Majority Opinion | Statement that presents the views of the majority of the Supreme Court justices regarding a case |
| Dissenting Opinion | Statement written by a Supreme Court justice who disagrees with the majority opinion, presenting his or her own opinion |
| "State Decisis" | Principle followed by judges and the Supreme Court: a Latin term that means "Let yesterday's decisions stand" |
| Precedent | Ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later, similar case |
| Due Process of Law | Fair and equal treatment in a court of law. 5th & 14th amendments mention due process of laws. |
| Dred Scott vs. Sanford(1857) | Case of a slave named Dred Scott. The Supreme Court ruled that enslaved African Americans were not property, not citizens, and had no rights under the Constitution |
| Plessy vs. Ferguson(1896) | Case about Homer Plessy, a black man, who purchased a ticked to ride in the whites only railroad car in Louisiana. Case established "separate but equal" doctrine. |
| Brown vs. Board Of Education of Topeka, Kansas(1954) | Banned segregation in public schools |
| Briggs vs. Elliot(1954) | Case that challenged segregated schools in Clarendon County, South Carolina |
| Korematsu vs. United States(1944) | During WWII Japanese American citizens living on the West Coast were moved to internment camps. Supreme Court upheld the President's authority to do this. This case is an example of the President's power to issue an executive order, checks and balances, and judicial review |
| University of California vs. Bakke(1978) | Supreme Court case on affirmative action. It bars use of racial quota systems in college admissions but also affirmative action programs are constitutional |
| Reverend J. A. Delaine | Born outside of Manning, S.C. he came from a family of proud, self-possessed people of some means. The 1931 Allen University graduate worked in various areas of the state before returning to Clarendon County. He quickly became a community leader organizing the county's first branch of the NAACP (1943) and securing educational opportunities for black veterans. Due to his involvement in civil rights, Rev. DeLaine was fired from his job as principal. |
| Harry Briggs Jr. | One of the students at the school where Rev. J. A. Delaine was Principle during the Briggs v. Elliott Case |
| Thurgood Marshall | Thurgood Marshall (July 2, 1908 – January 24, 1993) was an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, serving from October 1967 until October 1991. Marshall was the Court's 96th justice and its first African-American justice. |
| John W. Davis | John William Davis was an American politician, diplomat and lawyer. He served as a United States Representative from West Virginia from 1911 to 1913, then as Solicitor General of the United States and US Ambassador to the UK under President Woodrow Wilson. Over a 60-year legal career, he argued 140 cases before the US Supreme Court. |
| Earl Warren | Earl Warren (March 19, 1891 – July 9, 1974) was an American jurist and politician, who served as the 30th Governor of California (1943–1953) and later the 14th Chief Justice of the United States (1953–1969). |
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