38656595
Description
Flashcards by Blayd Chaplin, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Blayd Chaplin
over 1 year ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Homeostasis maintains.. | optimal conditions for enzyme action throughout the body, as well as cell functions. |
| In the human body, homeostasis controls.. | 1) blood glucose concentrations. 2) body temperature. 3) water levels. |
| The nervous system consists of.. | 1) the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). 2) The peripheral nervous system (nerves that carry information). |
| What's a receptor? | They detect stimuli (changes in environment). |
| which organs are part of the coordination centre? | brain, spinal cord, and pancreas. |
| what's the job of the coordination centre? | it receives and processes information from receptors all over the body. |
| whats an effector? | they bring about responses, which restore optimum levels (such as body temperature & blood glucose levels). |
| what do effectors include? | muscles and glands. |
| whats a reflex arc? | The nerve pathway followed by a reflex action is called a reflex arc. |
| what are the 3 types of neurons? | 1) Motor neurons 2) sensory neurons 3) relay neurons |
| what are the 4 areas of the brain? | 1) the cerebrum 2) the cerebellum 3) the medulla 4) the hypothalamus |
| what does the cerebrum control? | intelligence, personality, conscious thoughts and high-level functions. |
| what does the cerebellum control? | balance, coordination of movement and muscular activity. |
| what does the medulla control? | unconscious activities, like heart rate and breathing rate. |
| What does the hypothalamus control? | The temperature and water balance within the whole body. |
| what does the eye contain? | suspensory ligament, cornea, iris, pupil, ciliary muscle, lens, sclera, retina, fovea, and optic nerve. |
| what's the function of the Cornea? | Refracts light - bends as it enters the eye |
| What's the function of the Iris? | Controls how much light enters the pupil. |
| What's the function of the Lens? | Further refracts light to focus it onto the retina. |
| What's the function of the Retina? | Contains the light receptors. |
| What's the function of the optic nerve? | Carries impulses between the eye and the brain. |
| What's the function of the sclera? | Tough white outer layer of the eye. It helps protect the eye from injury. |
| what's the pupil reflex? | The size of the pupil changes in response to bright or dim light (controlled by iris muscles) |
| What's short-sightedness? | Someone with short-sight can see near objects very clearly, but cannot focus on distant objects. |
| what is one reason for someone being short-sighted? | The lens being too thick and curved - so that light is focused in front of the retina. |
| What's long-sightedness? | When you can see distant objects clearly but cannot focus on near objects. |
| what's one reason for someone being long-sighted? | the eyeball being too short - so the distance between the lens and retina is too small. |
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