3871082
Description
Flashcards by Melissa Pells, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Melissa Pells
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Describe 3rd Wave Treatments for anxiety | •ACT: Reduce the struggle, committed action to change, acceptance of anxiety, reduce fusion with anxious “thoughts not facts”, values •Mindfulness: notice anxiety, keep attention on the present moment, reduce reactivity •Meta-Cognitive Therapy: refocus attentional bias outwards, anxiety caused by excessive future focussed thinking, contain worry to set times |
| Describe CBT Treatment for Anxiety | 1.Individual formulation – how anxiety is caused and maintained 2. Psychoeducation – written information 3. Cognitive restructuring – identifying and evaluating unhelpful thoughts, replacing them with more accurate ones 4. Behavioural techniques – relaxation, controlled breathing, distraction 5. Exposure work. - An essential element of almost all treatments for anxiety disorder – Exposure to the feared stimuli (+/-graded hierarchy, in imagino, in vivo, flooding). Overcoming maintaining avoidance behaviour. Weakens association between the stimuli and the feared outcome e.g. exposure and response prevention in OCD. Disconfirms erroneous beliefs |
| What causes Anxiety? | 1. Genetics Aaron Beck – Anxious genes switched on by stressful environments in vulnerable people OR/ Epigenetics – Nature via nurture 2. Attachment and Learning Theory ability to self soothe and manage anxiety a function of attachment and parental role modelling 3. Traumatic events leading to anxious schema (might also be a function of the modern age - or because people view the world as more dangerous than it really is and underestimate their coping abilities) |
| Discuss Anxiety in Clinical Practice | • Most common presenting problem for Psychologists in clinical practice • Commonly co-morbid o Depression, substance use, psychosis, ASD • Often overlapping symptoms of anxiety o Features of GAD, Social Anxiety, Panic • Often use transdiagnostic CBT approach • Responds very well to therapy |
| What are the key features of Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD) | • Excessive and uncontrollable worry • Future orientation • Negative cognitive biases (self and world) • Somatic arousal • Role and task inefficiency • Interpersonal aversiveness |
| Key feaatures of Social Anxiety Disorder (Social phobia) | • Overwhelming anxiety and excessive self-consciousness in everyday social settings • STRONG focus on themselves instead of others • More than ‘shyness’ o Self-focused attention o Negative self-evaluation – I’m doing a bad job people don’t like me o Anxious apprehension o Avoidance and escape – Often people flee at height of social anxiety. o Behavioral disruption of normal functioning o Social skills deficits • Treatment- push through barrier. Build confidence- build on success. • Normal to have some form of social anxiety. • People with good social skills won’t have this to same degree as those with difficulty. |
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