38718336
Description
Flashcards by Prarthana Nica, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Prarthana Nica
over 1 year ago
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| Question | Answer |
| aims | 1. how obedient individuals would be to orders received from a person in authority 2. whether individuals would be obedient even when it would result in physical harm to another person |
| research method | controlled observation |
| IV? | authority |
| DV | level of obedience: maximum voltage given in response to the orders (15v - 450v) |
| why was Milgram (1963) not an experiment? | no proper IV no control and experimental conditions |
| sample | 1. 40 men 2. aged 20-50 3. resided in the New Haven area 4. diverse professional backgrounds, e.g.: postal clerks, engineers |
| sampling technique | volunteer sample obtained through a newspaper advertisement participants paid $4.50 |
| the 'experimenter' | 'Mr Williams' 1. stern, impassive manner 2. grey technician's coat |
| the 'learner'/stooge | Mr Wallace 1. middle-aged, likeable 2. worked for Milgram, trained in the procedure |
| the shock generator | 1. 30 switches (15v - 450v) 2. 8 groups of verbal designations: 'moderate shock' 'danger: severe shock' to 'XXX' |
| what learning task did the stooge participate in? | paired associate learning task |
| why was the shock generator made to look genuine? | so that participants' natural/genuine reactions can be recorded & observed reduce demand characteristics and maintain deception |
| procedure: feedback from the 'learner' | 1. learner did not protest during punishment until 300v 2. pounds on the wall at 300v 3. stops responding altogether |
| verbal prods from 'experimenter' | please go on/ please continue/ the experiment requires that you continue/ it is absolutely essential that you continue/ you have no other choice, you must go on |
| observation | there were 2-3 observers that took turns through a one-way mirror noted physical behaviours and any comments made |
| when did the procedure conclude? | when the participant refused to proceed or had administered the maximum shock (450v) |
| debriefing (interview) | each participant was interviewed and the deception was explained to them friendly reconciliation session between participants and the 'learner' to reassure that he was not harmed |
| mean pain rating of the 450v shock | 13.42/14 participants were aware they were causing serious harm |
| results | the mean shock: 368v all participants gave at least 300v 65% of participants administered the maximum shock |
| qualitative data collected during procedure | showed progressive signs of nervousness: sweating, shaking, groaning & some displayed nervous laughter/smiling one participant had a violent seizure |
| procedure: verbal comments made by participants | 'I don't think I can go on with this... I don't think this is very humane.' 'I'm gonna chicken out... I can't do that to a man, I'll hurt his heart.' |
| qualitative data collected after the procedure | showed visible signs of relief: wiped their faces, sighed, shook their heads |
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