38734974
Description
Flashcards by Prarthana Nica, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Prarthana Nica
over 1 year ago
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| Question | Answer |
| aim | to examine the role of classical conditioning in relation to fear & avoidance of a particular stimulus |
| classical conditioning | learning that involves the association of an unconditioned stimulus with a neutral one which over time will elicit a conditioned response |
| research method | clinical case study |
| data collection | self-report measures: interviews |
| how was the boy's progress/results of the treatment measured? | through a nine-point disgust scale called the 'Feelings Thermometer' |
| sample | a 9-year old Hispanic American boy (sought help from the Child Anxiety & Phobia Program at Florida International, Miami) |
| therapies used in the treatment | contingency management (positive reinforcement therapy) imagery exposure therapy |
| Hierarchy of Fear/Disgust | using the Feelings Thermometer (0-8) small. clear plastic buttons: 8 large denim jean buttons: 2 |
| positive reinforcement therapy | 4 sessions between 20-30 mins rewarded by his mother for showing less fear & handling the buttons (in vivo) |
| why was the positive reinforcement therapy unsuccessful? | despite the boy's improved behaviour toward fearful stimuli, his feelings of disgust, fear & anxiety increased |
| positive reinforcement therapy: results | successful completion of all exposure tasks in line with the hierarchy of fear/disgust |
| imagery exposure therapy: results | + ratings of distress reduced from 8 to 5 and finally 3 + reported minimal distress at follow-ups no longer met diagnostic criteria for specific phobia + no longer affected normal functioning |
| follow-up sessions | 6-month & 12-month follow-ups were conducted |
| evaluative learning | attitudes toward particular stimuli are the products of complex thought processes and emotions which lead to a negative evaluation of previously neutral stimuli |
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