39856169
Description
Flashcards by Darcey Griffiths, updated 2 months ago
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Created by Darcey Griffiths
2 months ago
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| Question | Answer |
| General impact | Many of the barriers to racial equality began to break down during the war in a process that was to continue after 1945. The start of the Second World War once again saw the accelerated migration of African Americans from the south to the north and the west of America- military factories. |
| Life on the home front- double V | Slogan created by a leading BA newspaper 'Pittsburgh Courier'- symbolised African American aspiration- 'double V'- victory over Japan/ Germany and their racist ideologies must also be joined by victory over racism at home |
| Double V effect | NAACp membership- increased from 50,000 to nearly half a million- more support for civil rights- made people think of challenging racism in own country as well as others- makes BA want to fight for more rights- wanted to be treated as full American not just when it's convenient |
| Life on the home front- Changes in employment | WW2- availability of WA labour declined with military conscription- BA filled gap- Summer 1942 only 3% of US workers were BA- 1945-8% |
| Changes in employment- effect | Improvement of economic situation of BA was maintained during/ after WW2- average BA income before war= 41% of WA income- 1949- 48%- challenged stereotypes can work just as well as WA |
| Life on home front-Executive Order 8802 | BA membership made unions increase during WW2- 1945 1,250,000 were members of labour unions- discrimination against BA in WWI prompted protest to avoid repetition- Organised by A. Phillip Randolph- believed demonstration in Washington would embarrass Roosevelt administration |
| 8802- effect | Randolph threatened march on Washington- 1941- had it happened would've provided propaganda gift to enemies- undermine national unity- Roosevelt signed executive order 8802- every defence contract between gov and industry had to have provision prohibiting racial discrimination against workers- FECP set up |
| Life on home front- CORE | New organisations were inspired by Randolph's success- Congress of racial Equality- CORE founded in 1942 |
| CORE effect | Believed in non-violent protests- sit ins demonstrated in 1943 resulted in desegregation of cinemas/ restaurants in Detroit, Denver and Chicago- but group didn't challenge discrimination in the south |
| life on the home front NAACP activism | NAACP used propoganda/ legal action- 2 NAACP sponsored Supreme court cases were very important- Gaines v Canada 1938- claimed 'seperate but equal' had to be truly equal- caused NAACP to sponsor lawsuits in discrimination against paying teachers salaries- Smith vs Allwright- Supreme Court ruled all white primary election where BA's where prevented from voting as unconstitutional |
| NAACP activism- effects | By 1946 BA teachers salaries rose to 79% of southern WA teachers - even though BA's registered to vote rose alot in WW2- still barriers- literacy test- poll tax |
| Racial Violence | Continuing migration pro |
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