4221010
Description
Flashcards by Deja Martin, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Deja Martin
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the functions of nucleic acids? | 1. Gene expression 2. Encodes genes 3. Info storage - DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) 4. Protein synthesis - RNA (ribonucleic acid) 5. Energy transfers - ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate) |
| What are the functions of proteins? | 1. Structural components in cells 2. Mechanical functions in muscles (contraction) 3. Immune response 4. Cell signaling 5. Proteins make up skin, hair, nails, muscles, and enzymes |
| What is protein's monomer? | Amino acids (20 in ppl, varies by R group) |
| What is nucleic acid's polymer? | DNA and RNA DNA - double helix RNA - single stranded |
| What is nucleic acid's monomer? | Nucleotide - 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen base |
| What is protein's polymer? | Polypeptide (several amino acids joined by peptide bonds) |
| What does protein compound of? | CHON (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen) |
| What are examples of proteins? | Collagen, hemoglobin |
| What are the functions of a carb's polysaccharides? | 1. Cellulose - cell wall 2. Glycogen - stores energy in liver and muscle cells 3. Chitin - armor and cell wall in insects and crustaceans 4. Starch - plant polysaccharide storage |
| What are the characteristics of lipids? | 1. Do not form large polymers 2. Waxy and oily 3. Hydrophobic |
| What are the monomers of carbohydrates? | 1. Glucose (blood sugar, immediate energy) 2. Galactose (sugar in milk and yogurt) 3. Fructose (sugar in milk and honey) |
| What are the functions of lipids? | 1. Long term energy storage 2. Insulation 3. Major components of membranes (phospholipid) 4. Hormones 5. Protection against water loss |
| What are the functions of carbohydrates? | 1. Provide energy 2. Cell wall 3. Structural support 4. Cell recognition |
| What are the polymers of carbohydrates? | 1. Disaccharides and polysaccharides 2. Polysaccharides: starch in plants, glycogen in animal cells, cellulose - cell wall, chitin - insects |
| What is the ratio of a carbohydrate? | 1:2:1 carbon, hydrogen, oxygen |
| What are the characteristics of saturated fats? | Bad, solid, dairy |
| What are steroids? | Body stuff - hormones, estrogen, testosterone, vitamin D, etc. |
| What are the characteristics of unsaturated fats? | Good, liquid, oils |
| What do lipids have a higher ratio of? | Lipids have a higher ratio of carbon and hydrogen to oxygen than carbs |
| Starch | Amylose |
| What do lipids contain? | Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen |
| What are nucleotides made of? | 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen base |
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