Flashcards
Inhibitory Transmission 1
Cards in this deck (41)
- 1Describe how GABA is synthesisedGlutamine is converted to Glutamate (via Glutanimase). Glutamate is converted to GABA (Via Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase)
- 2Where would you find GABA in long projecting neurons?From the striatum to the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra
- 3How are the actions of GABA terminated?Re-uptake into presynaptic terminals and glial cells by GABA transporters.
- 4What is GABA broken down by?GABA Transanimase
- 5What products of the breakdown of GABA?Succinic semialdehyde and Glutamate
- 6How are succinic aldehyde and Glutamate broken down?Succininc semialdehyde is broken down to succinate and by 'SSA dehyrdalase'.
Glutamate is converted into glutamine by '2-oxoglutarate'. - 7What type of channel is a GABAa channel?Ligand gated
- 8Which ions flow through a GABAa channel?Cl-
- 9Where are GABAa channels found?Postsynaptically
- 10What type of channel are GABAb channels?G protein coupled
- 11Where are GABAb channels locatedPre and Post synaptically
- 12What is the structure of a GABA receptor?Pentameric
- 13What is the most common combination of subunits?2a, 2b, 1y
- 14How many different types of a, B and Y are there?a1-a6
B1-B3
Y1-Y3 - 15Which are the most abundant of each subunit?a1
B2
Y2 - 16Where do GABA, agonists and competitive antagonists bind?At the aB interface
- 17Where do Benzodiazepines bind?At the ay interface
- 18At which class of receptor (GABAa of GABAb) do barbiturates, neurosteroids, general anaesthetics and ethanol bind?GABAa
- 19Which class of y subunits are required for benzodiazepine sensitivity?y2
- 20Which a subunits are insensitive to benzodiazepines?a4 and a6
- 21What effect do benzodiazepines have if the GABAa receptor contains a a1 subunit?Sedation and amnesia
- 22If the GABAa receptor contains a2 or a3 subunits what effect do benzodiazepines have?Anxiolytic
- 23How many subunits does the GABAb receptor have? What are they?2 - GABAb1 and GABAb2
- 24What is the function of each subunit?GABAb1 binds to GABA, GABAb2 binds to the G-protein
- 25Which G protein is the GABAb receptor attached to?Gi/o
- 26What are the effects of the Gi/o protein activation?BY subunit activates VG K+ channel, inhibits VG Ca2+ channel.
a subunit decreases cAMP - 27Name a GABAb agonist?Baclofen
- 28What does Baclofen do?Used to treat spasticity (hypertonia)
Could be used to relieve withdrawal symptoms - 29Which is more important for preventing seizures? GABAa or GABAb?GABAa
- 30What two things are possible actions of GABAb antagonists?1) Not pro-convulsants
2) May enhance cognition - 31Which receptor subtype is responsible for which part of the current?A) GABAa 'fast' response
B) GABAb 'slow' ressponse - 32At which part of the neuron are GABA receptors most useful in relation to blocking the effects of GLUTAMATE receptors?Closer to the soma.
- 33What is the precursor to glycine?Serine
- 34What are the two different glycine transporters and where are they found?GlyT1 (Astrocytes)
GlyT2 (Glycinergic neurons of spinal cord, brain stem and cerebellum) - 35Where is Glycine a co-agonist?NMDA glutamate receptors
- 36Which ion passes through Glycine channels?Cl-
- 37What is the general structure of a glycine receptor and which subunits can it be composed of?Pentameric
a(1-4)
B1 - 38What are the most likely combinations of subunits?2a/3B
3a/2B - 39What is Stychine?Glycine antagonist which is a convulsant
- 40What also potentiates Glycine receptors?Modulators of GABAa (e.g. general anaesthetics and benzodiazepines)
- 41What is HYPEREKPLEXIA What is it linked to?Exaggerated startle response to tactile or acoustic stimuli.
Mutations in genes for glycine receptor or proteins linked to glycine transporter
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- Degree Neuropharmacology Flashcards on Inhibitory Transmission 1, created by Anna mph on 15/12/2015.
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