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| Question | Answer |
| What allowed Vikings to navigate the most treacherous waters on Earth? | longboats |
| From Scandinavia, warriors storm through ________, raiding, settling, founding new cities, ___________ the northern world. | Europe connecting |
| Who were the first Europeans known to land in the Americas? | The Vikings |
| Thorvald Eriksson. Legendary __________. A hero whose exploits are remembers in ________ legend. | explorer Viking |
| This land belongs to the Innu, descendants of the first ________ who cam into America ________ years before. | pioneers 19,000 |
| How many Native Americans live in the Americas? | 90 million |
| The Innu are expert _________, armed with stone-tipped arrows. Swift. Silently. _________. | hunters deadly |
| What is the Viking weapon of choice? | the iron broad ax |
| Thorvald Eriksson. The first European to _______ on American soil. It will be _______ years before another European sets foot in the New World. | die 500 |
| In the Americas, no _____ tools or horses. No wheeled vehicles. Yet America's people engineered great ____________ thousands of years before the Egyptians. They mapped the ________ with as much accuracy as any astronomer in Europe. | iron monuments stars |
| True or False. Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztec Empire, was larger than London, Paris, or Rome. | True |
| What was the Aztec civilization dedicated to? __________ ____________ | human blood |
| At its heart, a stone ______ 100 feet high, where sky, ________, and underworld meet. | temple Earth |
| To keep the _________ in balance, the Aztecs believe they owe a debt of ________ to their gods. | universe blood |
| Aztec men are trained to ________ from puberty. The fiercest become Jaguar ______. Their weapons, not metal, but obsidian, volcanic _______. So sharp, some surgeons today __________ it over steel. | fight knights glass favor |
| What was Tlahuicole's weapon? | a club decorated with feathers |
| True or False. Tlahuicole was a captive warrior in Tenochtitlan fighting for his life. | True |
| The Aztecs have created one of the most sophisticated ____________ on the planet. A great city with laws against drunkenness, ________, and adultery. Compulsory __________ three and a half centuries before the United Stated. A city of philosophers, _________, mathematicians. | civilizations theft education poets |
| What do the Aztecs believe their gods need? | human blood |
| The warrior who cuts (Tlahuicole) down will get to wear his flayed _______ for twenty days. His family will eat his _______, giving them the status of gods. | skin flesh |
| True or False. Aztec priests only sacrifice a small number of adults per year during one of their most important ceremonies. | False |
| Tlahuicole's beating _______ offered to the god of sun and war, Huitzilopochtli, guardian of the _________. In return, the Aztecs believe, his blood will guarantee a bountiful __________. | heart universe harvest |
| What crop do the Aztecs grow that will become key to mankind's future? | corn |
| True or False. Constantinople, eastern capital of the Christian world, was founded by Rome's first Muslim emperor, Constantine. | False |
| Hagia Sophia was the largest what of its day? | cathedral |
| True or False. In 1453, Constantinople its under siege by an army of 70,000 Ottoman Turks, led by Sultan Mehmet the second. | True |
| If Mehmet can take Constantinople, he will _________ routes between the east and west, and the city's vast trade in _________. | trade spices |
| What dried berry makes up two-thirds of the spice trade in Europe? | pepper |
| What major obstacle does the Sultan face as he tries to capture Constantinople as the jewel of a new Islamic Empire? | defensive walls that are 4 miles long and 100 feet high |
| What is the key to the future of war? | non-stop artillery bombardment |
| If the ________ of Constantinople fall under bombardment by the Turks, the world will _______ be the same again. _________ cannons. Dedicated ______ working in shifts. Cool. Clean. Reload. _______. Each cannon packed up with ______ stone balls...Pounding the city, round the clock for ______ days. | walls never 69 teams fire 10 53 |
| True or False. Mehmet captures Constantinople, renames Istanbul, and because he is hostile to the west, forces Europeans to search for a new route to the riches of the east. | True |
| True or False. Diaz was a wealthy nobleman searching for a new route to Africa around the southern tip of India. | False |
| What has Diaz been using to navigate? | the coast |
| Caught in a _________ off the coast of Africa, searching for a new _____ ________ to the east, Diaz has two options: risk death on the ______, or head out into the __________ Ocean and the unknown. | storm sea route rocks Atlantic |
| What becomes key to a new of exploration? | the triangular lateen sail |
| Out of sight of land for _____ days. No idea what lies ahead. His ______ are useless. Lost at sea. His fate now turns on a powerful force of nature ________ the waves. An ocean gyre, a vast circular _________ caused by prevailing winds working against the rotation of the _______, creating a conveyor belt of water ________ times more powerful than the Mississippi River. | 13 maps beneath current Earth 4,000 |
| Diaz claims the land in the name of ______ and country. It will become knows as the Cape of _____ _____. The key to a new ______ route to the east, bypassing Constantinople. A direct passage to ______. Within 50 years, it becomes one of the busiest _________ lanes in the world. | God good hope trade India shipping |
| October 12, _____. A date seared onto the hard drive of humanity. ___________ sailors discover land. Leading them, an Italian: ___________ ______________. | 1492 Spanish Christopher Columbus |
| Christopher Columbus underestimated the distance to travel to China from Spain by how many miles? | 7,000 |
| Monarchs from what country finance Columbus's expedition? | Spain |
| After five weeks at sea, Columbus finally reaches land that he believes to be Japan, but which is in fact where? | the Bahamas |
| True or False. The Bahamas are home to the Taino people. | True |
| Living in a different _________ for thousands of years, the people of the Americas have no immunity to a deadly threat: _________ | ecosystem disease |
| What is Columbus on the search for? | treasure |
| Columbus returns to Spain in a ______. His journeys open floodgates. All of _________ wants a piece of the Americas. | hero Europe |
| 28 years after Columbus, the lust for _______ is about to change the destiny of the New World, through the ambitions of one man: ______ ________. | gold Hernan Cortes |
| How many European adventures did Cortes lead? | 500 |
| True or False. Aztec emperor Montezuma is the richest most powerful man in the Americas and rules over 25 million people. | True |
| True or False. Montezuma turn Cortes away from his palace. | False |
| What was Cortes's plan? | kidnap the emperor |
| What are Montezuma's treasuries filled with? | gold |
| True or False. The people of Tenochtitlan try to rescue their emperor from Cortes. | False |
| True or False. Montezuma was murdered by his own people, but Cortes escaped. | True |
| What lethal time bomb did the Spanish leave behind? | small pox |
| 11 months after his _________, Cortes returns, his victory complete. He's hijacked the mighty _______ Empire. An empire of _____ million brought down by just _____ men. | escape Aztec 25 500 |
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