UFDN 3100 Exam 2

Question	Answer
Biblical models of the holy spirit (B ch6)	1.) Spirit as wind: (old testament) The wind was seen to be a model for how God demonstrated the finishing and impermanence of creation. 2.) Spirit as breath: Spirit is associated with life. God breathes life into Adam. 3.) Spirit as charism: charism refers to the filling of an individual with the spirit of God, which the person is now capable of forming tasks it could not before. Wisdom is usually seen as a gift given.
The New Testament and the holy spirit	Paul's understanding of the holy spirit: 1.) The spirit provides proof or demonstration that believers are children of God. 2.) The spirit is a source of spiritual gifts for individuals and church's.
The debate over the divinity of the holy spirit	Three factors were made important in establishing the divinity of the holy spirit in the 4th century. 1.) Did not result from an external source and was considered to be the one who sanctifies, purifies from sin. 2.) Shares the divine nature to make creatures more like God. 3.) The spirit is not separable from God or the son.
The filioque debate	The filioque debate focused on different aspects of the trinity, particularly the holy spirit. The holy spirit was later seen to be both derived from God and the son. The spirit is thought of as the bond between the father and son, and the bond between God and believers. The church is seen as the "temple of the holy spirit". While Eastern orthodox disagreed.
The filioque cause	The western church changed the Nicene creed by adding "the son" to the line, “We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord and giver of life, who proceeds from the Father and the Son.”
Functions of the spirit	1.) The revelation of God to humanity: The task of the holy spirit is to lead the faithful into God's truth; the bible is a God given authority since every scripture is God breathed. 2.)The appropriation of salvation: The holy spirit plays a role in establishing a living relationship between Christ and the believer. 3.) The energization of the Christian life: The spirit's role in prayer, spirituality, and worship; as well as enabling believers to lead a Christian life by motivating them to following God's law.
Holy Spirit	Presence of God in our lives. The Spirit is the basis of the union between God and believers, and believer to believer, that is, the Spirit is the giver of community. The spirit is also seen as the bond of love between the Father and the son.
Belief in the trinity (B ch7)	Three main elements: 1.) God created the world. 2.) God redeemed the world through Christ. 3.) God is present in the world here and now, guiding and encouraging believers.
Monarchianism	A single principle of authority, that took place in different ways at different times.
Modalism	Three different modes/ways of divine self revelation. 1.) One God is revealed in the manner of creator and lawgiver (father). 2.) The same God is revealed in the manner of savior (Christ). 3.) The same God is revealed in the manner of the one who sanctifies(purifies) and gives eternal life (Holy Spirit).
Visualizing the trinity	Analogies used for the trinity: 1.) The analogy of a spring, fount and stream of water. Flows into one another, sharing the same substance. 2.) The analogy of a chain. 3.) The analogy of a rainbow. One beam of light, yet different colors blend into one another.
Perichoresis	Mutual interpenetration. Allows the individuality of the persons to be maintained, while insisting that each person shares in the life of the two.
Universalism	One God, everyone perceives each in different ways.
Subordinationism	If trinity roles are too distinct, ranks form.
Objective vs subjective salvation	Objective: Christ brought salvation. Subjective: Holy Spirit through God brings salvation within the person.
Immanent Trinity	Western concept: God is outside creation.
Economic Trinity	God as one, God is always present in our lives.
Oikonomia of God	Oikonomia means household management. God acts as the son different from God, the creator.
Pentecost	After Passover, birthday of the church. During the Jewish celebration of Shavuot/Pentecost, the Holy Spirit was poured out upon his first followers, thus empowering them for their mission and gathering them together as a church.
Salvation	Being saved/ freed 1.) Past, present, and future 2.) Being adopted: becoming part of a family, coming from broken to restoration, not just for Israel, gentiles too. 3.) Justification: to make right/ righteous. 4.) Redemption: to exchange one for another, it cost God alot for our grace. 5.) Ransom: There was a price for our salvation. 6.) Liberation: to be set free. 7.) Sacrifice. 8.) Victory: Has and will be won.
Three offices of Christ	1.) Prophet: Proclaims God's truth. 2.) Priest: Appears before God as spokesman and representative of God’s people. 3.) King: Provides leadership.
Sanctification	Made holy by god to be used to do God's work.
Nestorianism	Two persons, two natures: fully human and fully God, different sides at different times.
Monophysitism	One person, one nature.
Different titles for Jesus	1.) Jeshua 2.) Christ: title of Messiah, anointed one, saying his name is a statement of faith. 3.) Son of God: Represents God's will. 4.) Son of Man: Son of humanity, represents/ identifies with humanity and accepts punishment for it. 5.) Lord: God, form of respect. 6.) Savior: Only God can save.
Adoptionism	Through baptism, fully human Jesus, was called by God and endowed with powers and an awareness of God and his will.
Arianism	(Followed Arias.) The son of God was created and is therefore neither co-eternal with the Father, nor con-substantial, of the same substance/ essence.
Appollinarianism	(Followed Apollinaris) Jesus could not have had a human mind; rather, that Jesus had a human body and soul but his mind was divine, possessed God's will.
Docetism	The belief that Jesus Christ did not have a physical body; rather, that his body was an illusion, as was his crucifixion. Influenced by Gnostic's, who believed that matter was evil so God could not take on a material body.
Atonement theory	We become one with God. 1.) Classical theory: Christ is the victor over all, spiritual battle. 2.) Satisfaction theory: We owe a debt to God. 3.) Moral Examplar theory: Jesus shows us a new way to live.
Chalcedonic Christology: Dyophysitism	One person, two natures: One human nature and one divine with no change, division or separation.
IXOYE: ICHTHUS (fish symbol)	1.) Early symbol means: Jesus Christ God Son Savior. 2.) Jesus is lord. 3.) Apostle's creed. 4.) Nicene creed: talked about God as fully human and fully divine.
Western Schism	Late middle ages: Pope Gregory XI didn't want the Vatican to be in Rome, so he moved to France. After the Pope died, the next Pope went back to Rome with officials from the church. Some stood in France and elected a new Pope. Eventually there were 3 Pope's.
Great Schism of 1054	Break between the Eastern Orthodox church and Western Catholic church. The East spoke Greek and the West Latin, communication from both sides were eventually lost. The East spoke of the threeness of God while the West spoke of the oneness of God, and the filioque cause brought distance.
Factors of the decline in Roman Catholic Church	1.) Investiture Controversy, 11thcentury: which authority appoints officers; encouraged vying for power 2.Nepotism, simony (paying for positions), indulgences 3.) Crusades, 11th-13th centuries Inquisition, 12th & 13th centuries 4.) Death of Boniface VIII (very powerful pope) in 1303 5.) Western Schism, 14th & 15th centuries
Missio Dei	Mission of God. It is the central biblical theme describing the purpose of God’s action in human history.
Scholasticism	Teaching dominated by scientific reasoning with the purpose of finding answers to a contradiction. The atonement theory came from this.
Jesus and what he does for christians	1.) He reveals God. 2.) He accomplishes God’s work of salvation. 3.) He illustrates redeemed life. 4.) He begins the community of faith.
Jesus does not have to be divine	1.) Reveals God. Spiritual christology: have spiritual awareness. 2.) Does God's work. New being, example buddha. 3.) Shows us how to live. Moral example (MLK). 4.) Starts movement. History of religious schools (Marx).
Doctrine of Appropiation	To ascribe certain works of God to one of the persons of the trinity. For instance, we might say that all of God is present in the work of creation, or all of God is present in the person of Jesus Christ, or all of God is present in the Holy Spirit. It isn’t as if only one-third of God is present in any of these, but rather the fullness of God is present and active in each.
Spiritual gifts	1.) Prophecy. 2.) Preaching. 3.) Faith. 4.) Tongues.
Why must Jesus be fully human and fully divine?	If Jesus was not fully human than his sacrifice would not be important, humans would not be saved/ freed. If Jesus was not fully divine than he would not be able to show us who God is, and God would have not been able to suffer. If God can not suffer, he can not love us and offer redemption.
Augustine defines sin	1.) Before sin we lived in a state of posse non peccare, "possible not to sin". 2.) Post fall: Non posse non peccarre, " not possible to not sin". 3.) Eschaton: kingdom to come, "not possible to sin". When we are with God we can not sin.
Reinhold Niebhur defines sin	Western Christianity is not taking sin seriously, sin became a passive idea so he proposed: 1.) Pride is sin: the will to asset yourself over others and or God.
Feminist Critique (sin)	1.) While sin can be pride, there are times when people need more pride. Example: battered wife. 2.) Pride is not always bad, not always sinful.
Karl Barth defines sin	In response to feminist critique. 1.) Two types of pride: 1- Asserting yourself over others/ God. 2- Falsehood: not being who God created you to be, not accepting your purpose.
Covenant defines sin	Sin as violating the covenant between God. Covenant is: 1- Love God. 2- Love others as ourselves.
Daniel Migliore defines sin	1.) Mistreating relationships: People are relational creatures. 1- with God: focused more on yourself/others. 2- with others: dominating over others/ letting others dominate over you. 3- with the world: refusing to work in God's kingdom, God will take care of it or being apathetic. When we do not live properly in these relationships we sin.
Is it possible to overcome sin? Yes	1.) Works- righteousness: We earn righteousness. Negative: hopelessness 2.) Self- righteousness: Did it on your own. Negative: Self- deception, pretending you have overcome your sin.
Is it possible to overcome sin? No	Resignation: 1- Quietism: We can do whatever we want because sin in inevitable. 2- Guilt: We can not do anything and feel burden. 3- Despair: We deserve punishment.

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