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| Question | Answer |
| Explain the cognitive approach to abnormality. | Abnormality is Caused by Faulty Thinking: Assumes that thinking, expectations and attitudes direct behaviour. Mental illness is the result of cognitive distortions in the way a person thinks about a problem. Faulty and irrational thinking prevents the individual behaving adaptively. A-B-C Model (Ellis, 1962): A - activating event. B - belief (may be rational or irrational). C - consequence (rational beliefs lead to healthy emotions, irrational beliefs lead to unhealthy emotions). Individual is in Control: Individual is the cause of their own behaviour as they control their own thoughts. Abnormality is result of faulty control of this process. |
| Evaluate the cognitive approach to abnormality. | Limitations: Irrational Beliefs may be Realistic - Alloy & Abrahmson - people with depression have more realistic view of the world. Gave more accurate estimates of likelihood of disaster. Consequence Rather than Cause - Individuals with maladaptive cognitions may be at greater risk of developing mental disorders. Individual might develop way of thinking because of their disorder. Blames the Patient - Overlooks situational factors, such as life stressors. Recovery only involves changing the way patient thinks about stressors, not removing them. |
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