4820395
Description
Flashcards by celandreth, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by celandreth
almost 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Reverend J. A. DeLaine | Local pastor and teacher at Liberty Hill Elementary School. In 1947, DeLaine and a group of black parents sued Clarendon County School District #22 and asked for a bus for black students. |
| Harry Briggs Jr. | Attends Liberty Hill Elementary School. Walks 5 miles to school everyday. |
| Thurgood Marshall | Attorney for the black parents in the South Carolina Supreme Court case against segregated schools. |
| John W. Davis | The lawyer who represented South Carolina's side. He argued for the segregation laws in South Carolina. |
| 14th Amendment | One of the Civil War Amendments; defined as US citizenship and guarantees "equal protection under the laws" |
| De Jure Segregation | Segregation established by law. For example, Jim Crow & the Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson. |
| De Facto Segregation | Latin phrase that means "by fact." Segregation that occurred not by law, but as a result of tradition. Example: In the 1900's, blacks and whites attended separate churches. |
| Jim Crow Laws | Segregation laws in the South |
| Original Jurisdiction | The authority of a court to hear a case for the first time. |
| Appellate Jurisdiction | The authority of a court to hear a case from a lower court that was appealed. |
| Legal Brief | A written document explaining the position of one side or the other in a case. |
| Majority Opinion | A statement that presents the views of the majority of the Supreme Court justices regarding a case. |
| Dissenting Opinion | A statement written by a Supreme Court justices who disagree with the majority opinion, presenting his or her own opinion. |
| "Stare Decisis" | Principle followed by judges and the Supreme Court: a Latin term that means "let yesterday's decision stand." |
| Precedent | A previous ruling that is used as the basis for a judicial decision in a later case. Example: Plessy v. Ferguson established the precedent of "separate but equal" |
| Due Process of Laws | Means fair and equal treatment in a court of law. The 5th and 14th amendments mention due process of laws. |
| Dred Scott v. Sanford 1857 | Case of a slave named Dred Scott. The Supreme Court ruled that enslaved African Americans were property, not citizens, and that they had no rights under the Constitution. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 | Case about Homer Plessy, a black man,, who purchased a ticket to ride in a whites only railroad car in Louisiana. This case established the "separate but equal" doctrine. |
| Brown v. Board of Education 1954 | Banned segregation in public schools. |
| Briggs v. Elliott 1954 | Case that challenged segregated schools in Clarendon County, South Carolina. |
| Korematsu v. United States 1944 | During WWII, Japanese American citizens living on the West Coast were moved to internment camps. Supreme Court upheld the President's authority to do this. This case is an example of the President's power to issue an executive order, checks and balances, and judicial review. |
| University of California v. Bakke 1978 | Supreme Court case on affirmative action. It bars the use of racial quota systems in college admissions but also states that affirmative action programs are constitutional. |
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