Question | Answer |
Conduction | Heat transfer through rapid vibration of atoms and molecules |
Thermal conductors | Substances in which conduction occurs easily (e.g. metal) |
Thermal insulators | Substances in which conduction occurs only a little |
U-value | Amount of heat energy conducted per second through 1 metre squared of a structure when a temperature difference of 1K is maintained between its ends |
Convection | Transfer of heat via the movement of fluids |
Convection current | Heated fluid expands, becomes less dense, and rises through the cooler fluid above it |
Main method of heat transfer in liquids and gases | Convection |
Radiation | Heat transfer via electromagnetic waves |
Solar irradiance | Average amount of the Sun's energy falling per second perpendicularly on 1 metre squared of the Earth's surface |
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