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Flashcards by jennabarnes12387, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jennabarnes12387
almost 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is Endosymbiosis? | when one organism lives inside of cell of another and where neither are harmed |
| What are the five super groups of protists? | Excavata, Rhizaria, Unikonta, Chromalveolata, and Archaeplastida. |
| Which organism types do we study in this lab from the supergroups? | Dipomonads from Excavata group, Ciliates from the Archaeplastida, Oomycetes from the Chromalveolata, Amoebozoa from the Unikonta, and Fungi from the Rhizaria. We also include Metazoa from the Rhizaria group as these are were animals stem from |
| what Excavata Diplomonad species do we study? | Giardia Lambia |
| What Excavata Euglenozoan Kinetoplastid species do we study? | Trypansoma sp. |
| Kinetoplastids and Euglenids have what in common? | they both have flagella that is responsible for movement |
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the parasite Giardia lamblia |
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the parasitic protozoan Trypansoma. It is a kinetoplastid in the supergroup Excavata |
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Euglena, a common fresh water organism that likes nitrogen. It is a Euglenid which is part of the Euglenozoan group in the Excavata super group |
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An Amoeba Proteus. It is a Gymnamoebas from the group Amoebozoa and the supergroup Unikonta |
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a slime mold. It is part of the Amoebozoa group in the supergroup Unikonta |
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these are the empty tests of marine animals called Radiolarians. They are part of the supergroup Rhizaria |
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a common freshwater paramecium. It is a ciliate from the alveolates group and is in the Chromalveolata super group |
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this is fresh water saprolegnia particularly its egg sac from sexual reproduction, the oogonium. its an oomycetes from the stramenopiles group in the supergroup chromalveolata |
| how do you know if an organism is in the excavata supergroup? | it has an excavated groove on one side of the body and have reduced mitochondria |
| How do you know if an organism is a diplomonda? | if they have a non-functioning Mitocondrian-like organelle called a mitosome |
| how can you tell if an organism is an euglenzoan? | if they have a flagella for movement |
| how can you tell if an organism is a kinetoplastid? | if there flagella is restricted inside a membrane |
| How can you tell if an organism is an Euglenids? | if they have a free moving flagella |
| How can you tell if an organism is in the supergroup Ameobrozoa? | they move and feed using lobe-like cellular extensions called pseudopodia |
| How can you tell if an organism is a gymnamoebas? | if its a heterotroph that moves and feeds using pseudopodia |
| how can you tell if an organism is slime mold? | it eats using phagocytosis but it is stationary |
| How can you tell is an organism is a radiolarian? | if its a marine organism that has a hard shell or test and it moves using axopodia extensions |
| How can you tell if an organism is a ciliate? | they have cilia for movement |
| how can you tell if an organism is a Stramenopiles? | they have a smoothe flagella with hairy projections |
| how can you tell if an organism is an oomycetes? | look like fungi, and are heterotrophs that don't have chloroplast. |
| What Excavata Euglenozoan euglenid species do we study? | Euglena |
| What Unikonta Amoebozoa Gymnamoebas species do we study? | Amoeba Proteus |
| What Unikonta Amoebozoa species do we study besides ameobas? | slime molds |
| What Rhizaria group do we study (not a specific species)? | Radiolarian tests |
| What Chromalveolata Alveolate cliliate species do we study? | Paramecium sp. |
| What Chromaloveolata Alveolate stramenoplile species? | ssaprolegnia sp. |
| what is a heterotroph? | an organism that requires carbon from an organic source |
| What are autotrophs? | organisms that use carbon dioxide as there organic source e.g. photosynthetic plants |
| What are mixotrophs? | organism that can use organic or inorganic carbon |
| what are protozoans? | animal like heterotrophic protisits |
| what are algae? | plant like autotrophic protists. sometimes called photoautotrophs |
| describe Giardia Lamblia. | a parasitic diplomonad protozoan. it has 8 flagella and two nuclei. These nuclei and other organelles make the protist look like its smiling at you. its life cycle has a feeding and a cyst stage. it is transmitted through water and causes beaver fever in humans. |
| describe trypanosoma. | a parasitic protozoan found in animal circulatory systems. they cause African Sleeping sickness. they have a flagella attached to the body to form an undulating membrane that keeps its from moving freely. it moves in a ribbon like fashion |
| describe Euglena. | a mixotrophic fresh water organism in places with a lot of nitrogen waste.it contains green chloroplats for its autotrophic functions, as well as redish brown spot called the sigma or the eye spot for sensing loation. also has a nucleus which can be hard to find and paramylon granules, a granular structure that stores the sugars produced during photosynthesis. |
| Describe Amoeba Proteus. | a large organism that uses cytoplasm projection false foot called the pseudopodias to move and to gather food. the cytoplasm in the amoeba exists in two forms a liquid form called plasmasol and a gel form called plasmagel. the plasmasol flows into the false foot and then turns to plasmagel, giving the foot its shape. The plasmagel in the far regions of the organism turn to plasmasol, allowing the organism to move |
| describe slime molds. | organisms that have been classified as fungi, animals and protozoans. they eat using phagosytosis, and are similar to fungal mold but only because of common ancestry. |
| describe Radiolarians. | marine creates with hard shells or tests made of silica. these tests usually ahve posred where pseudopodia arms called axopodia extend out. the axopodia are supported by a microtubule skeleton. |
| describe Paramecium. | has both a micro and a macro nucleus and is completely covered in hair like cilia. the micro nucleus is only for sexual reproduction using conjugation while the macronucleus is responsible for all normal cell functions. the cilia move in an oar like fashion to move the organism and can allow them to move backwards or forwards. they have an indentation called the oral groove with a small opening called the cytosome where food enters and is transported to food vacuoles. digestive enzymes break down the food before unusable particles are disposed of via the cytopyge or cell anus. |
| describe Saprolegnia | found in fresh water and in soils. It is a heterotrophic stramenophile that lacks chloroplast and is similar to fungus in appearance referring to its hyphae, the tubular structure that grows out from the organism responsible for growth, that doesn't have cross walls called coenocytic hyphae. it is a water mold meaning it is diploid and has cell walls made of cellulose. they go through two cycles of reproduction, sexual and asexual. during the asexual reproduction they produce diploid zoospores with two flagella that contains the DNA. they are released from the zoosporagium that form on the end of some hyphae. this is the start of a clone. In sexual reproduction a circular oogonium forms at the end of a hyphae where egg nuclei are produced. antheridial hyphae attach to the egg sack and produce sperm that fertilized the eggs to make a zygote. after fertilization the cell wall might produce oospores. |
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