5494586
Description
Flashcards by jemimanerima, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jemimanerima
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the inguinal canal? | Oblique passage in lower part of anterior abdominal wall -passage for structures from abdomen to perineum |
| How long? | 4cm |
| extends from where to where? | superficial inguinal ring to deep inguinal ring |
| Superficial inguinal ring location and shape | triangular above and medial to pubic tubercle |
| Deep inguinal ring location and shape | oval 2.5cm above mid inguinal point |
| Boundaries of inguinal canal | Anterior-External oblique Posterior-Fascia transversalis Superior-Internal oblique and transversus abdominis Inferior-Inguinal ligament |
| Contents of inguinal canal (females) | Round ligament of the uterus Genital branch of femoral nerve |
| Contents of inguinal canal (males) | Spermatic code: -Vas deferens -Testicular artery -Testicular vein -Lymphatics -Autonomic nerves -Remains of proccesus vaginalis -Genital branch of genital femoral nerve -Artery to vas deferens -Cremasteric artery |
| Mechanisms of IC | -Absent in children -Roof collapses during coughing and sneezing -During childbirth, defecation and urine, body assumes squatting position so thigh is pressed against canal -Superficial and deep rings are reenforced by fibre of internal oblique and transversus abdominis |
| HERNIAS? | Protrusion of an internal organ beyond its normal confinements |
| Composed of? | Sac contents of the sac coverings of the sac |
| 2 types of classifications | 1. External and Internal 2. Congenital and Acquired |
| Indirect inguinal hernia | Hernia sac enters the canal through the inguinal ring Common in children bilateral congenital more common in males |
| Direct inguinal hernias | Hernia sac doesnt enter canal but pushes through wall common in elderly males acquired |
| femoral hernia | common in women very small, painful high chance of strangulation |
| difference between inguinal and femoral | femoral-hernia sac located above and lateral to pubic tubercle inguinal-below and medial to pubic tubercle |
| umbilical hernia | Congenital/Omphalocoele-failure of retraction of intestinal loops Acquired-breakdown of scar tissue |
| Incisional | Follow surgery. Causes include infection, poor surgical repair, poor surgical incision |
| Hiatus | abdominal contents enter thoracic cavity through diaphragmatic appetures |
| Epigastric | Due to separation of linea alba |
| Lumbar hernia | Occurs in the back |
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