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| Question | Answer |
| the difference between right and wrong | It is important for society that people are brought up to understand the concept of what is right and what is wrong. Citizens have a duty and responsibility to be law-abiding or otherwise there would be chaos, as people would do exactly what they wanted without considering others. Many religions teach that God has given each person an inner voice that informs them of the rightness or wrongness of an action before it is carried out. Non-believers argue that a conscience is a person’s inner sense of what is morally right or wrong. Without being taught moral standards, the voice of conscience may not bother a person if they commit a crime |
| what causes crime | Lack of education and qualifications Abusive and violent parents/broken homes Drug, gambling or alcohol addiction Periods of high unemployment Gang rivalry Those from inadequate housing, overcrowding and a deprived background Mental illness/psychological problems Violence portrayed in films/TV Advertising? |
| the different types of crime | Crime against the person (crime is directed against an individual/group of people) e.g. murder Crimes against the state (a country) e.g. selling military documents Crimes against property (taking/damaging somebody else’s belongings) e.g. burglary |
| what are religious offences | A religious offence is an offence against religion. They may or may not be classified as crime. Religions have their own sets of laws and rules and breaking them would be seen by members of that faith as a religious offence or sin (breaking of a religious or moral law) e.g. for Christians and Jews, the 10th Commandment says ‘You shall not covet (desire) your neighbour’s house/wife/servant/ox or donkey or anything else that belongs to your neighbour’. This is not a criminal offence, although believers would regard it as a sin. However, this breaks the 8th Commandment (‘You shall not steal’) and also the state law. Another religious offence is blasphemy (illegal in some countries e.g. Pakistan, Afghanistan and Ireland). Blasphemy includes insulting God or sacred things and the making of images of God. |
| first aim of punishment (protection) | The aim of protection is to keep the public from being harmed, threatened or injured by criminals |
| second aim of punishment (retribution) | is seen as ‘getting even’ (‘an eye for an eye’ - Exodus) with the criminal. It is getting revenge and giving the criminal what they deserve. |
| third aim of punishment (Deterrence) | the aim of this is to put people off committing crimes (if they believe they will be dealt with seriously if caught) |
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