5631968
Description
Flashcards by Farha Idrees, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Farha Idrees
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is a sedimentary rock? | Rocks that are formed from sediments are called sedimentary rocks |
| What are sediments? | small pieces of material that do not dissolve in water |
| Where do sediments come from? | Sediments have come from the weathering and erosion of surface rocks |
| Without explaining, what are the five steps to forming sedimentary rocks? (You should have one worded answers) | 1. Erosion/ Weathering 2. Transportation 3. Sedimentation 4. Compaction 5. Cementation |
| Explain how sedimentary rocks are formed. | 1. Small pieces of rock are transported by a river 2. Pieces of rock are deposited and layers of sediment build up 3. Sediments are compacted and water is squeezed out. Crystals form, which cement the pieces of rock together |
| What holds together the particles? | They are held together by natural cements, such as calcite or silica. These salts are formed when the water is squeezed out. |
| True or False: It takes a few years for sedimentary rock to form. | False. It takes millions of years of years for sedimentary rock to form. |
| What are the sediment layers called? | Strata |
| What do pebbles become after being compressed? | Conglomerate |
| What is breccia? | Breccia is a strata made up of more rougher rocks. |
| Define cleave. | cleave: to split into layers |
| What three things must you look for to find a sedimentary rock? | 1. Is it made of particles? 2. Can you see layers? 3. Are there any fossils? |
| Give some examples of sedimentary rocks. | -conglomerate -breccia -sandstone -limestone -mudstone |
| What are fold mountains? | When Earth movements have squeezed the layers of rock into gigantic folds |
| Fold mountain video: | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DZp5pchnKHc |
| Define: a) anticline b) syncline | a) when the strata are pushed upwards into a dome shape b) when strata are forced down into the shape of a bowl |
| How does a fault form? | These are formed when rock layers fracture (break/separation). On one side the rock layers may slip down, shown by a break in the continuous strata. |
| What does metamorphic mean? | it means 'changed form' |
| What is a metamorphic rock? | a rock that has had its form changed by the action of high temperature |
| How do these sedimentary rocks change after metamorphism? a. sandstone b. limestone c. mudstone | a. quartzite, much harder b. marble, much harder c. slate, much much harder |
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