Flashcards
Pituitary Gland
Cards in this deck (20)
- 1What are the three types of Endocrine signalling?Paracrine - activates cells receptors in close proximity
Autocrine - activates own receptors through chemical
Endocrine - diffuses through the blood system - 2—
- 3—
- 4What are the main four types of measuring hormone activity?Chemical assay
Immunoassay
Radioassay
Biological assay - 5Where is the hypothalamus located?Protrusion off the bottom of the hypothalamus (part of the third ventricle) at the base of the brain, rests in a small bony cavity (sell turcica).
- 6—
- 7What is another name for the anterior and posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?Anterior = *adeno*pophysis
Pituitary = *neuro*hypophysis - 8How do the two main parts of the pituitary gland form in early stages of development?Oral ectoderm (Rathke pouch) = adenohypophysis
Neural ectoderm = neurohypophysis - 9How do the two main parts of the pituitary gland form in early stages of development? (picture)
- 10Where are the cell bodies, axons and nerve endings located that innervate the posterior lobe?Cell body - hypothalamus
Axons - pituitary stalk
Nerve endings - Posterior lobe (neurohypophysis) - 11How does the molecules produced in the hypothalamus and the pituitary glands get into the blood?
- 12How was the importance of the pituitary gland discovered?Diseases - Agromegaly / dwarfism
Hypophysectomy - metablic defects
Injection of pituitary extracts reversed the effects of hypophysectomy - 13What are the four families of hormones produced by Pituitary gland?Neurohypophysial - posterior lobe (Oxytocin and Vasopressin)
Melanocortin (ACTH/MSH/LPH)
Growth Hormones (GH / Prolactin)
Glycoprotein (TSH / LH / FSH) - 14What are the different cell types in the anterior pituitary gland?Thyrotroph (TSH)
Somatotroph (GH)
Corticotroph (ACTH)
Gonadotroph (FSH / LH)
Lactotroph (Prolactin)
Folliculostellate - 15What specific hormones do the anterior and posterior pituitary glands produce?
- 16From a cellular level, how are most protein hormones released?Exocytosis of vesicles within the cell.
Entire vesicle may be released immediately.
Part released and taken back up. - 17How do you differentiate between Somatotroph and Lactotroph?Immunogold
Lactotroph = larger gold particles (anti-PRL antibody)
Somatotroph = small gold particles (anti-GH antibody) - 18Why do some cells contain GH and PRL?Developmental precursors of lactotrophs or somatotrophs (or cells switching cell type)
- 19What is the model for differentiation pathways for the cells of the anterior pituitary gland?
- 20What are the important processes of the Folliculostellate cells?Form network through pituitary gland, facilitate coordinate responses to releasing factors
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- Description
- First lecture of the Endocrine series covered by general structure and development of the Pituitary gland - and hormones produced by it.
- Created by
- Thomas Welford
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