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| Question | Answer |
| Why did the people of Germany want someone like Hitler as their leader? | Everyone had suffered in the Depression, and there was wide-spread poverty and unemployment. People wanted strong leadership and radical ideas flourished. |
| What were Hitler's four main ideas? | To overturn Versailles, to have rearmament, to have a German Reich and to expand Germany's territory into Eastern Europe. |
| What is the idea of a Reich called? | 'Grossdeutschland' or 'Great Germany'. |
| What is the idea of expanding Germany called? | 'Lebensraum' or 'living space'. |
| What was the first thing Hitler did to prepare for German expansion and when did he do it? (2 points) | In 1933 he began rearming, and he withdrew from the League of Nation's Disarmament Conference. |
| What was the second thing Hitler did to prepare for German expansion and when did he do it? | In 1934 Hitler signed a 10-year friendship pact with Poland, weakening Polish ties to France. |
| What was the third thing Hitler did to prepare for German expansion and when did he do it? | In March 1935 Hitler reintroduced conscription to Germany. |
| What was the fourth thing Hitler did to prepare for German expansion and when did he do it? | In June 1935, Hitler signed a Naval Agreement with Britain, allowing it to build up it's Navy to 35% the strength of Britain's. |
| Where and when was Hitler's first territorial success? | The Saar region, in 1935. |
| How did Hitler gain the Saar region? | It was put under a 15 year plebiscite in 1920, and in 1935 90% of the people voted to be German again. |
| When did Hitler re-militarise the Rhineland? (2 points) | In March 1936, whilst the League of Nations was busy with the Abyssinia Crisis. |
| What excuse did Hitler give for the re-militarisation of the Rhineland? | The Mutual Assistance pact by France and the USSR that supposedly encircled Germany. |
| What two treaties was Hitler breaking by re-militarising the Rhineland? | The Treaty of Versailles and the Locarno Treaty. |
| Why didn't France or Britain do anything about the re-militarisation of the Rhineland, Abyssinia aside? | Britain was angry but too busy with home affairs, and France was in the middle of an election campaign. |
| When did Hitler first attempt 'Anschluss' and why did he fail? | In 1934 a Nazi revolt failed because Mussolini put troops on Austrian border. |
| What was the first thing Hitler did to encourage Anschluss in Austria and when did he do it? | He encouraged Nazi demonstrations and riots in Austria, in 1937/8. |
| What was the name of the Austrian Prime Minister? | Schuschnigg. |
| What event caused Schuschnigg to call a plebiscite? | Hitler demanded an Austrian Nazi, Seyss-Inquart, be made Minister of the Interior. |
| How did Hitler ensure the plebiscite went his way? (2 points) | He sent Nazi soldiers to make the plebiscite 'trouble-free', and he used propaganda. |
| What was Britain's reaction? | Chamberlain thought Anschluss was Germany's right, and Lord Halifax had even suggested it would be okay. |
| How do you spell the next country Hitler went after, after Austria? | Czechoslovakia |
| Why was Chamberlain sure Hitler wouldn't invade Czechoslovakia? | Hitler gave his word that he wouldn't. |
| What was the first thing Hitler did to gain control of the Sudetenland? (2 points) | He claimed Germans were being discriminated against, and Nazi's in the Sudetenland held demonstrations. |
| When did Hitler threaten to go to war? | May 1938 |
| Who was the leader of Czechoslovakia? | Benes |
| When did Chamberlain first fly to meet Hitler and what happened? (2 points) | On the 15th of September Hitler said he only wanted parts of the Sudetenland, and only with a plebiscite. |
| When did Hitler amend his demands and what did he say? | 22nd September, Hitler says he wants all the Sudetenland by the 1st of October. |
| How did Chamberlain respond to Hitler's increased demands? | He mobilised the Navy. |
| When was the Munich Conference and who was there? | 29 September, with France, Britain, Italy and Germany. |
| Who put forward the plan to give Germany all of the Sudetenland? | Mussolini did, but it was written by Germany's foreign office. |
| What was the decision to give Hitler the Sudetenland called? | The Munich Agreement. |
| Who wasn't at the Munich conference and why did this matter? | Czechoslovakia got no say in it's own future, and the USSR was horrified, because Hitler was calling for 'lebensraum' and Britain was just giving in. |
| What policy was Chamberlain following when he signed the Munich Agreement? | Appeasement. |
| Why did Chamberlain follow a policy of appeasement? (3 reasons) | Versailles WAS unfair and Germany should rebuild, Germany made a good buffer between Britain and the USSR, appeasement bought Britain time to ready for war. |
| What was public opinion of the Munich Conference? (2 reasons) | 93% didn't trust Hitler, but they were overjoyed there wouldn't be a war. |
| When did Hitler take over the rest of Czechoslovakia? | 15 March 1939 |
| What happened after Germany took the Sudetenland? (2 points) | Czechoslovakia descended into anarchy, and Slovakia started demanding independence. |
| Why was Czechoslovakia such a big deal? | The Sudetenland was German land, with German people - Czechoslovakia most certainly wasn't. |
| What was the British response to the taking of Czechoslovakia? (2 points) | Britain and France signed an agreement with Poland, swearing to protect it if Germany invaded. This was the end of appeasement. |
| What pact did Italy and Germany sign, and when? | May 1939, Italy and Germany signed the 'Pact of Steel', which swore to protect each other. |
| What pact did Stalin and Hitler sign, and when? | The Nazi-Soviet pact, in August 1939. |
| Why didn't Stalin sign a pact with Britain ? | They were incompetent, not standing up to Hitler, blinded by anti-Communism. |
| How did Stalin attempt to be friendly with the Western powers? (2 points) | 1934 he joined the League of Nations, 1935 he signed a treaty with France against Germany. |
| What were the conditions of the Nazi Soviet pact? (2 points) | Neither country would attack the other, and secretly they agreed to carve up Poland between them. |
| Why did Stalin sign the Nazi Soviet pact? (3 points) | Britain and France were next to useless, he wanted eastern Poland and the Baltic states (ex-Russian areas) and he needed to build up his army against Hitler. |
| Why did Hitler sign the Nazi-Soviet pact? | He was sure he could attack Poland without British intervention, but not without Stalin interfering. |
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