615180
Description
Flashcards by angeline martin, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by angeline martin
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Antibody | Special proteins produced by B lymphocytes to attack and attach to foreign antigen shaped like a "Y" (Y protector) |
| Antigen | protein- identify "self" or "non self" - 1. "self"- outside our body and not harmful "non-self" foreign antigens enter the body and attached to cells- -invaders start the immune process l |
| Bile Pigment | Yellow/ green/ brown color |
| cytokine | cell movement |
| immunocompetent | Ability to recognize and develop an immune response-correctly respond |
| Natural Killer Cells NKC | Specialized lymphocytes that kill abnormal cells by releasing chemicals that destroy the cell membrane, causing its intercellular fluids to leak out |
| Pathogen | agent that causes disease especially a living organism |
| Host | organism that is infected with or is fed upon a parasitic or pathogen organism |
| Opportunistic infection | infections caused by an organism that normally would not affect a healthy adult |
| Immunity | state of being protected Active- produced by one's own immune system Passive - antibodies formed in one individual and transferred to another |
| Granulocytes (has staining granules in their cytoplasm and nucleus) | Neurophils - phagocytosis (first responders) Eosinophils - Allergy and animal parasites(worm and eggs guys) Basophils - inflammation mediators, anticoagulant properties "injury boys) |
| Agranulocytes (no staining, nucleus does not form lobes) | Monocytes (macrophages) Lymphocytes: *B Cells - humoral immunity (Bob Boop) *T Cells - cellular immunity (Tom Terrific) Natural Killer Cells - Destruction without specificity (Ted Bundy) |
| Humoral Immunity System (cell type, origin and maturation) | B- Lymphocytes *Plasma cells *Memory cells Origin- Bone Marrow Maturation - Bone Marrow |
| Cellular Immunity (cell type, origin and maturation) | T Cells: Cytoxic, Helper, Suppressor, Memory Origin- Bone Marrow Maturation- Thymus immune system |
| T- Cell Cytoxic T Cells- Help T- Cells - suppressor T Cells- memor | Cytoxic -Destruction cancer cells Helper- Assist B cells Suppressor - Off switch memory - remember invaders |
| Aden/o | gland |
| agglutin/o | clumping and gluing |
| Bas/o | Base- Definition 1 = alkaline (opposite of acid) Definition 2 = foundation Definition 3 - type of dye to stain blood cells |
| Blast/o | embryonic cell |
| Chrom/o | color |
| Eosin/o | (white blood Cell) dawn, rose colored cell |
| Erythr/o | red |
| Granul/o | Granule- example stained celled- looks like grains of sand |
| Hem/o Hemat/o | Blood |
| immun/o | immunity |
| Kary/o Nucle/o | Nucleus |
| Leuk/o | White |
| lymphaden/o | lymph gland or lymph node |
| Lymph/o | Lymph fluid |
| lymphangi/o | lymph vessel |
| morph/o | form, shape or structure |
| Myel/o (origin and location) | Origen of bone marrow- inside the bones |
| Neutr/o | Neutral neither |
| phag/o | swallowing, eating |
| plas/o plasm | formation or growth |
| reticul/o | net, mesh - like a spider web |
| ser/o | serum |
| sarc/o | flesh, connective tissue or skeletal muscles |
| dem/o | people or population |
| humor/o | bodily fluids |
| crit | to separate |
| splen/o | Spleen- part of the immune blood system located in the LUQ |
| Thromb/o | Blood clot (stationary) |
| Thym/o | Thymus Gland- produces thymosin |
| -blast | embryonic cell |
| -emia | blood condition |
| -globin | protein |
| -graft | transplantation |
| -osis | abnormal condition increase (usually related to blood cells) |
| -phil | attraction for |
| -phoresis | carrying transmission |
| -phylaxis | protection |
| -poiesis | formation or production |
| -stasis | standing still |
| a | without, not |
| aniso | unequal, dissimilar |
| iso- | same, equal |
| macro | large |
| micro | small |
| mono | one |
| poly | many, much |
| asites | accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal - pleural cavity |
| bacteremia | presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood stream |
| sepsis | serious life threatening blood stream infection that may arise from other infections throughout the body |
| Hemolysis | Destruction of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin that defuses in surrounding fluid |
| disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) | Widespread- Abnormal activation of proteins involved in blood coagulation, causing small blood clots to form in vessels and cutting off the supply of oxygen to distal tissues |
| graft rejection | false or foreign antigens- body rejects transplanted organ or tissue |
| graft versus host | graft attacks host- transplant produces antibodies against recipient's organs that can be severe enough to cause death |
| hematoma | collection of blood outside the blood vessel |
| hemoglobinopathy | disease of blood protein |
| lymphadenopathy | disease of lymph gland or node |
| lymphedema | swelling of lymph |
| Multiple Myeloma | Malignant tumor of the plasma cells |
| Systemic lupus erythematosis SLE | Widespread autoimmune disease that may affect the skin brain, kidneys and joints causes chronic inflammation; also called discoid lupus |
| Thrombocythemia | Blood condition of blood clotting cell- over production of platelets leading to thrombosis or bleeding disorders |
| Thrombocytopenia | decrease deficiency of platelets or thrombocytes |
| Von Willebrand disease | Bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency of Von Willebrand factor. a "sticky" protein that lines the blood vessels |
| Lymphangioectomy | Removal of lymph vessel |
| Lymphadenography | Radiologic examination of lymph nodes after injection of contrast medium |
| immunotheray | treatment to restore the body's own immune system |
| Immunotherapy (allergy injections) | Injection with increasing strength of the offending antigen |
| Immunotherapy (biological) | Use of immune system stimulators to enhance the immune response |
| Bone marrow aspiration | Removal of small sample of bone marrow |
| Bone marrow transplant | Infusion of healthy bone marrow stem cells after the diseased bone marrow destroyed. |
| Bone Marrow Transplant Autologous | Infusion of the patient's own bone marrow or stem cells after a course of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy |
| Bone Marrow Transplant Homologous | Infusion of bone marrow or stem cells from a compatible donor after a course of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy |
| Serology | lab test to detect presence of antibodies, antigen or immune substance does not measure how much each is present |
| Titer | blood test that measures the amount of antibodies in blood determines immune status |
| Lymphadenectomy | Removal of lymph node |
| Sentinel node excision | Removal of the firs node (sentinel node) that receives drainage from cancer containing areas and the one most likely to contain malignant cells |
| Transfusion | Infusion of blood or blood products from one person (donor) to another |
| Antinuclear antibody (ANA) | test to identify antibodies that attach the nucleus of the individual's own body cells (auto antibodies) |
| Complete blood count CBC | count of all types of blood |
| Aspiration | drawing in and out |
| Monospot | serological test for presence of heterophile antibody which develops several days after the Epstein-Barr virus |
| Partial Thromboplastin PTT | Test that measures the length of tie it takes blood to clot to screen for deficiencies of some clotting factors |
| Shilling test | test used to diagnose pernicious anemia by determining if the body properly absorbs vitamin B12 through the digestive tract |
| Bone Marrow MRI | Highly sensitive imaging procedure that detects lesions and changes in bone tissue and bone marrow, especially in multiple myeloma |
| Lymphoangiography | vidualization of lymphatic channels and lymph nodes using a contrast medium to determine blockage or other pathologies of the lymph system |
| lymphoscintigraphy | radioactive tracers through into the lymph channels and locate the sentinel node (first lymph to drain) |
| anticoagulants | prevent blood clot formation by inhibiting the synthesis of inactivating one or more clotting factors |
| antimicrobials | Destroy bacteria fungi and protozoa by interfering with the functions of their cell membrane or their reproductive cycle |
| Antivirals | Prevent regulation of viruses within host cells |
| Thrombolytics | dissolve blood clots by destroying their fibrin strands |
| Blood Culture | test to find if an infection is present in blood |
| differential count | counts the differential types of WBC's and reports results as a percentage of the total number of WBC's present in the blood |
| hemoglobin test | measures the amount of hemoglobin in blood |
| Hemocrit | measures the percent of RBC's volume in a tube |
| Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate | Measurement of the distance RBC's settle to the bottom of a test tube under standardized conditions (usually 1 hour)- also called sed rate |
| AB, Ab, ab | antibody, abortion |
| A, B, AB, O | Blood types in ABO blood group |
| AIDS | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
| ANA | antinuclear antibody |
| CBC | Complete Blood Count |
| diff | differential count (WBC) |
| DVT | deep vein thrombosis; deep venous thrombosis |
| ESR | erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
| HCT or HcT | Hematocrit |
| Igs | immunoglobulins |
| PT | prothrombin time, physical therapy |
| PTT | partial thromboplastin time |
| RBC, rbc | Red blood count |
| SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| Whole Blood | composition of whole blood in the entire body (RBC's and WBC's) |
| Blood Plasma components | Blood is a connective tissue comprised of -- 1. Plasma= 90% H2O-- 2. Proteins- albumin (helps to hold water)-- 3. gases, nutrients, waste products, hormones |
| Blood - formed elements components | -solid components; all formed in bone marrow -- 1. RBC's= erythrocytes --2.WBC's= leukocytes -- 3. Cell fragments(platelets) = thrombocytes |
| Hematopoesis or Hemopoesis | development and maturation of all blood cells- from an undifferentiated cell (stem cell) |
| Blood- Functions of formed elements | RBC's 1 carry O2 from lungs and pics up CO2 from body to bring back to lungs |
| Blood - White blood cells Function | Defense- 1. tissue repair 2. phagocytosis 3. aid in healing process 4. move blood through caps to enter spaced between cell (diapedesis) to go to injury or infection sites |
| diapedesis | movement of leukocytes out of the circulatory system towards the site of tissue damage or infection |
| B cells | responsible for humoral immunity (body fluids) also called and indirect attacker |
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