6201366
Description
Flashcards by Jasmine Tran, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jasmine Tran
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Parts of a neuron | cell body, axon, dendrites |
| Dendrites | transmit the impulse toward the cell body |
| Axon | transmit the impulse away the cell body |
| Sensory (afferent) neurons | transmit nerve impulses toward the CNS |
| Motor (efferent) neurons | transmit nerve impulses away from the CNS toward the effector organs such as muscles, glands, and digestive organs |
| 4 lobes | Frontal- planning, reward, motivation, short-term Temporal- sensory, language, speech, memory, emotion Parietal- taste, touch, temp Occipital- visual |
| Cerebrum | associated with movement and sensory input |
| Cerebellum | responsible for muscular coordination |
| Medulla oblongata | controls many vital functions such as respiration and heart rate |
| How long is the spinal cord from the foramen magnum to the first/second lumbar vertebra | 18 inches |
| How many pairs of spinal nerves are known to exit the spinal cord? | 31 |
| Simple (spinal) reflexes | nerve impulses travel through the spinal cord only and do not reach the brain |
| The sensory impulses enter the _____ horns of the spinal cord. The motor impulses leave through the _____ horns of the spinal cord. | dorsal ventral |
| Endocrine system | assists the nervous system in homeostasis, important in growth and sexual maturation **COMMUNICATION THROUGH THE USE OF HORMONES** |
| Hormones | chemical messengers that control the growth, differentiation, and metabolism of specific target cells |
| Tropic hormones | hormones that act on other endocrine glands |
| Steroid hormones | enter target cells & effect the DNA of the nucleus |
| Protein hormones (nonsteroid hormones) | remain at the cell surface and act through a second messenger, usually a substance called adenosine monophosphate (AMP) |
| What does the parathyroid hormone regulate? | Calcium |
| Where are the pressoreceptors and chemoreceptors (specialized sensory nerves that assist with the regulation of circulation and respiration) located? | Carotid body (on the side of ur neck) |
| Cortisol | hormone that reduces inflammation, raises blood sugar levels, inhibits the release of histamine |
| List endocrine glands | hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal gland, pancreas, gonads |
| What attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus? | infundibulum |
| Hypothalamus | produce inhibiting & releasing hormones |
| Anterior lobe of pituitary gland | *Master* releases hormones, called tropic hormones, because they act on other endocrine glands |
| Posterior lobe of pituitary gland | releases oxytocin (labor hormone) & antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (water retention from kidneys) |
| Which of the following is not produced by an exocrine gland? A) digestive enzymes B) adrenaline C) milk D) saliva | B) adrenaline adrenaline is produced by adrenals, which are endocrine glands Exocrine glands have ducts, and endocrine doesn't. Endocrine released right into the blood stream. |
| Lipase breaks down-- | fats |
| Nucleases breaks down-- | nucleic acids |
| Amylase enzymes breaks down-- | carbohydrates |
| Protease enzymes break down-- | proteins |
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