6537740
Description
Flashcards by Alex Meulenbeld, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Alex Meulenbeld
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is phase? | when two audio signals that are the same are heard at different times |
| What are the five stages in song production? | 1. Bed Tracks 2. Overdubbing 3. Editing 4. Mixing 5. Mastering |
| What are three ways you can use mic's to impact a mix? | 1. Type of mic 2. Amount of mics used 3. Mics location in relation to sound source |
| What is the proximity effect? | When you are closer to a mic you gain more low end and the further you go from the mic the more low end you lose and more room reflection you gain |
| What is mixing? | A balancing process to fool the listener |
| What is off axis coloration? | When you tilt a mic at an angle from the sound source to lower high end, the farther you tilt the more dull the sound gets |
| What are the five types of cardioids | 1. Regular Cardioid 2. Super Cardioid 3. Hyper Cardioid 4. Sub Cardioid 5. Ultra Cardioid (shotgun) |
| What are the five types of polar patterns? | 1. Cardioid 2. Bi-Directional 3. Omnidirectional 4. Hemispherical 5. Multi Pattern |
| What is microphone leakage? | Anything that comes through the mic that you do not want to ie. air |
| What makes up a capsule? | 1. Backplate 2. Diaphragm |
| What is a electret mic? | A mic with a constantly charged capsule (still requires power for the pre amp) |
| What is a dynamic mic? | A mic that requires no power and works by a moving coil moving through a magnetic field |
| What is a condenser mic? | A mic that requires power and is made up of a capsule and pre amp to transduce sound |
| How many volts is phantom power? | 48 Volts |
| What is a capacitor? | a device capable of holding a charge |
| What are the four aspects that determine capacitance power? | 1. Size of backplate 2. Backplate material 3. Distance between backplate and diaphragm 4. What makes up the dielectric (air) |
| Capacitance x voltage = | Charge |
| What is different about multi pattern condenser capsules? | There are two of them |
| What does PZM stand for? | Pressure Zone Microphone |
| What is the difference between stereo and mono? | Mono has no stereo field and it sounds like the sound comes from one direction at all times, stereo mimics an actual listening experience and requires two speakers |
| What are the three types of stereo mic techniques? | 1. Coincident (capsules near touching) 2. Near-Coincident (capsules within a foot) 3. Spaced Pair (capsules over a foot) |
| What are three types of spaced pair mic techniques? | 1. Jecklin Disk 2. Quasi Binaural 3. Deca Tree (augmented spaced pair) |
| What is nominal level? | The level that manufacturers intended the system to work best at. The ideal spot between distortion and the noise floor |
| What is the noise floor? | The consoles self noise, or room sound |
| What is headroom? | The area below distortion and above nominal level |
| What is signal to noise ratio? | The signal at nominal level as compared to the noise floor |
| What is gain structure? | Setting the ideal nominal levels for all components in a circuit, when proper gain structure is achieved the signal will have an indiscernible amount of noise and no distortion |
| What is a summing bus? | Collects all audio signals prior to their arrival at an output |
| What is a potentiometer | A knob (level controller) |
| What is a subgroup | Busses that target multitrack inputs |
| What is the routing matrix? | Is a pan pot and switches that allows signals to be routed to any subgroup |
| What is the mic signal path in a split console? | 1. Mic 2. Input Strip 3. Subgroups 4. Multitrack 5. Output Strip 6. Mix Bus 7. Amp & Speakers |
| What are the two types of audio consoles | 1. i/o: A console that has input strips and output strips on one strip 2. split: console where the input and output strips require two different strips |
| What is panning? | Used to create a sense of spatial location |
| What are pan laws? | the rate at which the level is tapered as a signal is panned toward or away from centre or both |
| What is a direct switch? | used to decide which signal will output to the multitrack |
| Where do we mic instrument? | an ideal patch of air nearby |
| What is a frequency response chart? | mics are tested for sensitivity across all frequencies in human ear range and plotted in a linear fashion |
| What are off-axis Entry Ports? | allows sound arrival disparity. sound hits the front of the diaphragm first, when sounds hit the back the ports allow the sound to hit the back of the diaphragm at the same time as the front of the diaphragm resulting in no sound. Allows cardioid patterns |
| what are ribbon mics? | thin aluminium ribbon that is electrically conductive and is placed between two magnets, sensitive to high spl |
| capacitance mimics... | SPL |
| What is capacitance? | a devices ability to hold a charge |
| if capacitance goes up what goes down? | velocity |
| direction detection? | the ability of understanding what direction the sound comes from. Done by which ear the sound hits first |
| time arrival disparity? | when stereo micing, sound hits the mics at different times |
| Comb. Filtering? | two out of phase waveforms added together resulting in frequencies lost |
| What is phase tuning? | the source f response by summing different arrival times |
| The four functions of a DI box? | 1. changes high impedance to low impedance 2. instrument to mic level 3.balanced to unbalanced 4. electrically isolates output device from an input device |
| two types of DI boxes? | passive (transformer) - both directions, no power active (amplifier) - dc, uni directional, needs power |
| What is gain structure? | setting the ideal levels (nominals) for all the components in the circuits |
| I/O console is also called what? | inline console |
| do you have available line in puts on an I/0 console? | no taken up by the multitrack |
| what is the mic/line switch? | allows you to choose mic or line input to channel path |
| what is the rev (smart) switch? | it allows for pre or post multitrack |
| Constant Power Pan Law? | a drop of 3db in the centre creates the impression that a sound level never changes as it panned across the image |
| Constant Voltage Pan Law? | a drop of 6db in the centre would show up on the meters as a constant level as the signal was panned across the stereo image |
| How many channel busses does the wester have? | 24 |
| What is foldback? | a mixture of previously and/or currently recorded signals supplied via headphones to the tracking musicians |
| the most important mix of any tracking day is the... | foldback mix |
| what are the two separate mixes we make on a "tracking day"? | holdback mix, monitor/CR mix |
| Why do we tap the foldback signal pre linear fader? | this way the linear fader and monitor path pan pot will have no impact on the foldback mix |
| what is submixing? | when we take the source tracks and route them to one or two (stereo) destination |
| when submixing, you route the monitor path into the channel path to target the routing matrix with what 3 switch? | Mic/Line Switch, Mon Switch, Dump switch |
| What is patching? | a manual way of routing (signal flow) |
| What are patch points? | location in signal path where normal signal flow may be modified via I/O jacks |
| which parts of the TRS send and return the signal in the patch bay? | Tip - To Ring - Return |
| Whats the difference between patching and sending? | patching is a manual routing of the signal while sending is the internal routing of a signal |
| What is a Half normalled patch bay? | signal flows to patch points and continues on. found on I/O, sends, returns, and mix busses. |
| A half normally patch bay is also referred to as what? | a Bridge-Break System |
| What are the four types of patch points found on the westar? | 1. Bridge out, Break In 2. Terminated Patch Points (Tie Lines) 3. Mult 4. Bridge In |
| What is the Bridge In, Break in patch point? | bridge out = doesn't interrupt normal signal flow and allows a copy of the tapped signal break in= injects signal into the path following the patch point, interrupts any signal previous to this point |
| What is a terminated patch point? | also known as a tie line, allows outboard gear to be attached to input and outputs on the patch bay |
| What is a mult patch point? | actually like a thru box, input one signal and three copies of the signal can be outputted |
| What is a bridge in patch point? | also referred to as Wild in, allows the processed signal and the original signal to be mixed at the patch point rather then breaking the signal like the break in patch points |
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