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Description
Flashcards by Hannah Murphy, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Hannah Murphy
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Describe the model of the atom that Dalton developed in the early 1800s. | Stated that: - Atoms are tiny particles that make up elements. - Atoms cannot be divided. -All atoms of a given element are the same - Atoms from one element are different from those of every other element. |
| Explain how the model of the atom changed following the series of experiments that took place between 1897 and 1911. | J.J. Thompson discovered electrons - therefore disproving the idea that an atom couldn't be split. Ernest Rutherford, following the gold-leaf experiment, proposed the positive charge of an atom and most of its mass are concentrated in a nucleus at the centre and the negative electrons orbit the nucleus. |
| How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in the following atoms and Ions? (a) Lithium-7, (b) Sodium-24, (c) Fluorine-19, (d) Iron-56, (e) Potassium, (f) Calcium (2+) (g) Fluorine (-), (h) Oxygen (2-) | (a) P= 3 N=4 E=3 (b) P=11 N=13 E=11 (c) P=9 N=10 E=9 (d) P=26 N=30 E=26 (e) P=19 N=20 E=18 (f) P=20 N=19 E=18 (g) P=9 N=10 P=10 (h) P=8 N=9 E=10 |
| Write down symbols for the following atoms and ions. (a) Atom: P=13, N=14, E=13 (b) Ions: P=16, N=16, E=18 | (a) 27 Al 13 (b) 32 S2- 16 |
| Explain why the same products would be formed when both carbon-12 and carbon-13 are combusted in oxygen. | Different isotopes of the same element react in the same way because chemical reactions involve electrons and isotopes have the same number and arrangement of electrons. Also neutrons make no difference to chemical reactivity. |
| Calculate the relative atomic mass of the following. (4sf) (a) Boron containing 19.77% 10B and 80.23% 11B (b) Silicon, containing 92.18% 28Si, 4.70% 29Si and 3.12% 30Si. (c) Chromium, containing 4.31% 50Cr, 83.76% 52Cr, 9.55% 53Cr and 2.38% 54Cr. | (a) (19.77x10)+(80.23x11)/100=10.80 (b) (92.18x28)+(4.70x29)+(3.12x30)/100=28.11 (c) (4.31x50)+(83.76x52)+(9.55x53)+(2.38x54)/100=52.05 |
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