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| Question | Answer |
| Define "Built Enviornment" | Any Environment that is man-made and provides a structure for human activity |
| In a study by the New Buildings Institute, how much lower (% wise) did energy use lower | 24% |
| Define the Triple Bottom Line and its 3 Different Resources | An accounting frame work that incorporates the long term view for the best practices for the three resources: People (Social Capital) Planet (Natural Capital) Profit (Economic Capital) |
| What is the goal of the Triple Bottom Line? | To ensure that buildings and communities create a value for all stakeholders, not just a restricted few. |
| What is the EPA? | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |
| On average, what percentage of time do people spend indoors? | 90% |
| In what year was the USGBC founded? | 1992 |
| What fractional amount do built enviormnets contribute to all green house gas emissions? | 2/3 |
| What is a greenhouse gas? | A gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation, e.g., carbon dioxide and chlorofluorocarbons. Gasses that trap heat in the atmosphere |
| What does LEED stand for? | Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design |
| What does GHG stand for | Greenhouse Gas |
| What is ASHRAE 90.1-2010? | This is the energy standard for buildings expect low rise residential buildings |
| What are Carbon Emissions? | The release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere |
| What is Building Commissioning? | The process of documenting an verifying that a building and all of its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, operated and maintained to meet the owners project requirements. |
| What is Retrocommissioning? | A tune-up that identifies inefficiencies in a built environment and restores high levels of performance |
| Define Adaptive Reuse | This is the practice of finding a new use for an already existing structure and re-usuing it for a different purpose than the buildings original use. This can be taken a step further to plan for future variation of use as well. |
| What are the three factors to be considered in regards to a projects location? | 1. Natural Context - Climate 2. Infrastructural Context - Availability of materials, skills, resources, and existing infrastructure 3. Social Context - Connectivity to the community and its history, traditions, incentives and destinations |
| Explain the costs associated with Green building to someone who is concerned about its additional costs to a new building. | It is important to have the conversation early in a project and make it clear that Green Building may have more upfront costs during construction but will save money in the long run operation and maintenance of a building. (Green Building avg. only 2% more in building cost) |
| True or False: Studies have shown that certified Green Building can command higher rent rates. | True. A Study showed that Green Buildings averaged about 2% more in rental that similar nearby structures without any green certifications. |
| In terms of a regenerative building or community, please define regenerative | Regenerative Environments mean that these evolve with living systems and contribute to the long term renewal of resources and life. They support the health of the community, ecosystem and generate electricity. They strive for "Net-Zero" Closed system that only uses as much water and energies it can produce |
| Define Net-Zero/Zero Net Energy | Net-Zero means that a project uses no more resources than they can produce |
| List the 3 Major concepts that are integral to green building and sustainability | 1. Systems Thinking 2. Life-Cycle Thinking 3. Integrative Processes |
| In regards to Green Building - Define Systems Thinking | Taking into consideration the many parts of a built environment whose working relationships with one another also affects one another. Synergy of all moving parts. |
| What is a Feedback Loop? | The information flows within a system that allow the system to organize itself. Without a flow of information, feedback loops do not function. |
| Define a positive feedback loop | A section of a system in which the output of the system is applied to the input, resulting in constant increases. (ex. the more babies that are born means that there are more people in the world to have more babies in the future) |
| Define a Negative Feedback Loop | A section of a system in which the system self corrects and stays within a set of parameters. (ex. a changing thermostat that automatically changes the tempt based the air temp that it reads) |
| What is the Prius Effect? | A concept that allows the users of a space to see how they are using energy and resources in order to maintain and reduce energy use if improvement areas are needed. This may be done with real time energy meters. |
| What is "Natural Capitalism"? | A book that explores how capital markets can be used for sustainability by using leverage points within a system |
| What are Leverage Points? | A point in a system where a small change can yield in a large result |
| What is an Open System? | A system in which materials & resources are brought in from the outside and removed from the waste system after consumption |
| What is a Closed System? | A system in which materials and resources are reused and recycled (ex. Interface flooring servicing and maintaining carpets, replacing worn areas and disposing of old areas, not just selling the carpets) |
| In regards to Green Building - Define Life-Cycle Approach | Looking at and analyzing the entire life of a project, product or service. This is a distinguishing factor as some conventional building are only focused on the current intent. Focuses on pre-design through implementation |
| Who coined the phrase cradle-to-cradle? | William McDonough and Michael Braungart |
| What is Cradle to Cradle? | A term applied to a product if that product can be repurposed for another use after the end of its first useful life, diverting it from a landfill. |
| Define Embodied Energy | The total amount of energy used to harvest, extract, manufacture, transport, install and use a product across its life-cycle. |
| Define Life Cycle-Assessment (LCA) | Life Cycle Thinking in regards to the associated environmental impacts |
| Define Life Cycle-Costing (LCC) | Life Cycle Thinking in regards to the associated cost/monetary impacts |
| In regards to Green Building - Define Integrative Process | A process in the early design stages that outline a synergistic approach to create cohesion between a building systems and equipment |
| What are the 3 phases of the Integrative Process? | 1. Discovery 2. Schematic Design 3. Occupancy, Operations, Performance Feedback |
| Name the 5 principals that form the foundation for a successful green practice | 1. Process Matters/Process=Good 2. Get in Early/ Establishing the Plan 3. Follow Through 4. Look Beyond Up Front Costs to Long Term Savings 5.Include & Collaborate/All working members of the process |
| What is an interative process? | A circular and repetitive process that allows the opportunity to set goals & check new ideas against each of those goals |
| What are the 5 steps on the iterative process? | 1. Establish Goals 2. Brainstorm 3. Research & Refine 4. Synergies 5. Measure and/or Implement |
| What is a charrette and what is its purpose? | An intense workshop designed to produce specific deliverables. Brings together many stakeholders to contribute ideas |
| Define a Stakeholder? | In this case, a stakeholder is a person who is affected by or must live with the decisions being made in, about, or for the project |
| Define Metrics and Targets | Metrics: Things that can be measured Targets: Levels of achievement that should be reached |
| What are VOC's? | Volatile Organic Compounds: Chemical compounds that are emitted in certain solids or liquids that evaporate under normal indoor atmospheric conditions |
| Describe effective goals and what that means for a project. | Effective goals are goals that are realistically attainable in with the spatial scales and time horizons of the project |
| What is the "Goal Keeper"? | The project team member that ensures all subsequent work can be related to the project goals |
| What is project mapping? | planning out of a project |
| Why is documentation of sustainability important? | It is necessary so that the achievement of sustainability goals can be verified. |
| What are the two ways in which a sustainable design project can start? | 1. Starting with the site and considering its best use 2. Starting with a use or function and finding the best site for that |
| Define an Infill Development | Developing on a site that has been previously developed on, often times filling the space between existing structures |
| What is a Brownfield Site? | Land where development may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants |
| Define a Greenfield | Sites that have been used for agricultural purposes and far from any development. A site that will affect available open spaces or wildlife habitat |
| What is a hardscape? | A surface that cannot be penetrated by water |
| What is a low impact development (LID)? | A land management strategy that emulates natural systems to manage rainwater as close to its source as possible |
| What is Green Infrastructure (GI)? | The way of collecting rainwater that emulates the most natural flow in order to be used for recreation |
| What is Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)? | Encompassed conditions inside a building such as air quality, lighting, thermal conditions and acoustics and their effect on the buildings users. Occupant Experience |
| What is the Innovation Credit? | A LEED rating system credit that achieves significant environmental performances that is not currently a strategy in the LEED rating system. |
| What are pilot credits? | LEED credits that r designed to test new and revised credit language |
| What does USGBC stand for? | United States Green Building Council |
| What does LEED stand for? | Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design |
| What is LEED and what is its purpose? | LEED is a third party green building certification program that credits excellence in the design, construction, and operation of buildings and neighborhoods |
| What are the 4-5 LEED ratings systems | LEED for: 1. Building & Construction 2. Interior Design 3. Building Operations & Maintenance 4. Homes 5. Neighborhood Development |
| What are the 9 LEED Broad Concepts that outline the categories in which to attain prerequisites & credits | 1. Location & Transportation 2. Sustainable Sites 3. Water Efficiency 4. Energy & Atmosphere 5. Materials & Resources 6.Indoor Environmental Quality 7. Innovation 8. Regional Priority 9. Integrative Strategies |
| What are the 3 LEED Main Concepts that outline the categories in which to attain prerequisites & credits specific to LEED for Neighborhood Development | 1. Smart Location & Linkage 2. Neighborhood Pattern & Design 3. Green Infrastructure & Buildings |
| What are the 4 Levels of Certification for LEED? | Certified 40-49 points Silver 50-59 points Gold 60-79 points Platinum 80+ points |
| What is the minimum number of points needed for LEED Certified? | 40 points |
| What is the minimum number of points needed for LEED Silver? | 50 points |
| What is the minimum number of points needed for LEED Gold? | 60 points |
| What is the minimum number of points needed for LEED Platinum? | 80 points |
| What is the IGCC? | The International Green Construction Code. An alternative path to green compliance |
| What are the LEED Impact Categories? (7 of them) | Natural Resources Community Green Economy Biodiversity Water Resources Human Health Climate Change |
| What are the steps to LEED Project Certification? | 1. Project Registration 2. Application Preparation 3. Submission 4. Application Review 5. Certification |
| What are the LEED Professional Credentials? | LEED Green Associate LEED Accredited Professional LEED Fellow |
| What is Xeriscaping? | Landscaping designed to reduce or eliminate potable water use in irrigation through the planting of native and adapted species of vegetation to an area |
| What is Lean Process Improvement? | The continuous improvement in any process through the elimination of waste in the steps of manufacturing |
| Define Aeroponics | The process of growing plants in suspension in an air or mist environment without the use of soil |
| Define Biogas | An alternative fuel that is generated from decomposing organic matter, such as food an animal waste, which is processed in an anaerobic digester |
| Define Carbon Monoxide | Colorless, odorless toxic gas that is produced from vehicle exhaust, incomplete combustion of fuel in boilers or furnaces, and improperly vented appliances |
| SO2 | Sulfur Dioxide |
| What is Sulfur Dioxide? | A highly reactive gas that is primarily produced through the combustion of fossil fuels at power generation plants and other processes at manufacturing facilities |
| What is a Vertical Farm | Also known as a farmscaper, a vertical farm is a crop grown vertically as opposed to horizontally |
| What is Embodied Energy? | The total amount of energy used to extract materials and manufacture, transport, install, and use a product across its life cycle |
| Define Cradle to Grave | A term used to define a product if its lifetime is limited to one application or use, ending in a landfill |
| What is Downstream Activity? | The activity related to the processing of materials all the way to the delivery of the final product to the end user |
| What is Upstream Activity? | The activity related to the extraction of the raw materials used in a product |
| In what year was the first LEED rating system released? | 2000: LEED for New Construction V1 |
| What is the GBCI? | Green Business Certification Inc.: Third party organization that provides independent oversight of a credentialing and certification of a green project |
| What is the centralized LEED point of organization? | A project checklist or scorecard |
| What are Prerequisites? | requirements for a project that must be met in order to reach the min level of achievement |
| What are Credits? | Optional ways to achieve points for certification. Each are worth a single point or a range of points. |
| What are the Three Focuses of the Location & Transportation Credit Category? | 1. Selecting sites in high density areas with existing infrastructure 2.Fosuing on modes of alternative transportation 3. Connection to amenities such as parks or restaurants |
| How many available points are there in the Location & Transportation Credit Category? | 16 |
| What is the focus of the Sustainable Sites Credit Category? | Reducing environmental impacts through site assessment, design, and management |
| How many available points are there in the Sustainable Sites Credit Category? | 10 |
| What is the focus of the Water Efficiency Credit Category? | To reduce overall water usage including reducing the usage of potable water for uses other than drinking |
| How many available points are there in the Water Efficiency Credit Category? | 11 |
| What is the focus of the Energy & Atmosphere Credit Category? | To optimize the energy performance of a building by using renewable energy resources |
| How many available points are there in the Energy & Atmosphere Credit Category? | 33 |
| What is the focus of the Materials & Resources Credit Category? | To reduce resource depletion by using sustainable materials and diverting waste from landfills |
| How many available points are there in the Materials & Resources Credit Category? | 13 |
| What is the focus of the Indoor Environmental Quality Credit Category? | This credit focuses on a buildings air quality, temperature, lighting quality, & acoustic design |
| How many available points are there in the Indoor Environmental Quality Credit Category? | 16 |
| What is the focus of the Innovation Credit Category? | To recognize innovative sustainable practices in building that are not covered under the LEED credit categories |
| How many available points are there in the Innovation Credit Category? | 6 |
| What is the focus of the Regional Priority Credit Category? | Focus on environmental issues associated with a projects selected locale |
| How many available points are there in the Regional Priority Credit Category? | 4 |
| What is a CIR? | A credit interpretation request. For a fee, this can be submitted to determine the best way to implement a strategy for a credit in a given project |
| What are the two LEED Homes ratings systems? | LEED BD&C Homes & Multifamily Low-rise LEED BD&C Multifamily Mid-rise |
| What are the 3 LEED Neighborhood Development Credit Categories? | Smart Location & Linkage Neighborhood Pattern & Design Green Infrastructure & Buildings |
| Describe the focus of the LEED Neighborhood Development Credit Categories - Smart Location & Linkage | Used to promote walkable neighborhoods with efficient transportation |
| Describe the focus of the LEED Neighborhood Development Credit Categories - Neighborhood Pattern & Design | Focuses on compact, walkable, mixed use and vibrant neighborhoods with connections to nearby communities |
| Describe the focus of the LEED Neighborhood Development Credit Categories - Green Infrastructure & Buildings | Focuses on the reduction of the environmental consequences of the construction and operation of buildings and infrastructure |
| What is an MPR | A Minimum Program Requirement: Requirements that a building must meet before it can consider LEED certification |
| What are the 3 MPR's that a building must meet? | 1. Must be in a permanent location on existing land with no plans to move during its lifetime 2.Must use reasonable LEED boundaries - cannot exclude parts of a building 3. Must comply with project site requirements (soft of space) |
| Minimum Sqft requirement for LEED BD+C | 1000 Sqft |
| Minimum Sqft requirement for LEED O+M | 1000 Sqft |
| Minimum Sqft requirement for LEED ID+C | 250 Sqft |
| Minimum Sqft requirement for LEED ND | Must contain 2 habitable buildings and be no larger than 1500 acres |
| What is the total number of possible points that may be earned in a project with most of the LEED rating systems? | 110 |
| What are the 5 Steps of the LEED Certification Process? (Except for Homes & ND) | 1. Rating System Selection 2. Project Registration 3. Credit Submittals 4. Project Review 5. Project Certification |
| Who are 3 important members vital to any project team? | Owner, Agent, Project Administrator |
| Define a Project Owner | Team member who has the authority to hold control of the project? |
| Define an Agent | Team member responsible for registering the project and accepting the certification agreement |
| Define a Project Administrator | Person responsible for ensuring that a submission is complete and accurate before submitting it to GBCI and accepting those review results once it is complete. |
| What is the 40/60 rule? | In relation to electing the correct LEED rating system, the 40/60 rule applies to Sqft requirements of a given project. If 40% or less of the Sqft is in question for a given rating system, that systems should not be selected. If 60% or more is in question in regards to a rating system, then that system should be selected. If the Sqft in question is between 40%-60% the rating system selection is up to the project teams discretion. |
| How are LEED projects registered? | Through LEED Online |
| What are the two ways a project can be reviewed? | A standard review and a split review |
| What is a split review? | A review where design credits and prereqs are submitted at the conclusion of the design phase and construction credits and prereqs are submitted at the end of the construction phase |
| What is the cost of a standard CIR? | $220 |
| What is the cost of a standard appeal? | $500 |
| Cost to Register a Project BD+C, ID+C, O+M | $1200 Nonmembers $900 Silver,Gold or Platinum Members |
| Cost to Certify a Project BD+C, ID+C, O+M | Flat Fee or based on Sqft |
| Cost to Register a Project ND | $1500 |
| Cost to Register a Project - Homes | $225 Nonmembers $150 Silver,Gold or Platinum Members |
| Cost to Certify a Project - Homes | $300+ Nonmembers $225+ Silver,Gold or Platinum Members |
| Cost to Certify a ND | $18,000 first 20 acres $350 per acre after 20 plus acres |
| What is the LEED Volume Program? | Simplifies the certification process for those wishing to certify more than one building at a time. Large discounts are offered for those certifying 25+ buildings within 3 years |
| What is the LEED Campus Program? | Certifies multiple buildings that may not have the same design or purpose |
| How many questions are on this LEED Green Associate Exam? | 100 multiple choice questions |
| LEED AP BD+C is for those who... | Those who will work on new construction commercial, residential, education, or healthcare projects or major renovations of these. |
| LEED AP ID+C is for those who... | Those who are working to sustainably update (greening) interior spaces. Suitable for interior designers, developers, landlords and realtors |
| LEED AP O+M is for those who... | Those who work on the facilities side of building operations who are looking to improve building performance |
| LEED AP Homes is for those who... | Contractors, developers, builders or anyone who is involved in the aspect of residential building |
| LEED AP ND is for those who... | Those who are involved in the planning, design, and development of neighborhoods. Suitable for urban planners or developers |
| What is a LEED Fellow | One who has demonstrated exceptional knowledge and research into the practice of sustainability and green design through skill level, teaching, mentoring, and commitment. Must have 10 years or professional green building experience, have been LEED credentialed for 8 years, and must be nominated by their peers |
| What is a LEED Green Associate? | A person who has a general understanding if the basic principals of sustainability and green design |
| What is a Green Rater? | One who provides on site green verification series to a LEED Homes Project |
| What is a GCP? | Green Classroom Professional: One with the knowledge to make a school healthier and improve the environment for student success |
| Acceptable Terminology for USGBC | U.S. Green Building Council or USGBC |
| What is the ICC | The International Code Council: Develops standards for building and design |
| What is ASHRAE 189.1? | Standard for the Design of High Performance, Green Buildings: Standard with the goal to lessen the impact a building has on human health and the environment |
| What is the Pilot Credit Library? | A database of credits that are being tested for future versions of the LEED rating system |
| Define Synergy | The interrelationship of credit categories, systems, and components that can be realized through the integrative process to achieve high levels of human, environmental, and building performance |
| What is a technical advisory group (TAG)? | A committee formed by the USGBC to make consensus-based decisions and to recommend technical solutions to a rating system development and maintenance issues, based on expertise |
| Lean process improvement is the principle of continuously improving any process through the ___ in every step of manufacturing. | Elimination of Waste |
| A(n) ___ director would be responsible for activities such as creating energy efficiency and water conservation strategies. | Sustainability |
| Induction cooktops can be used in kitchens as a sustainable practice because they transfer ___% of their heat to pots. | 90% |
| What are Aeroponic Gardens? | Gardens without a soil system. |
| The integration of sustainability into urban planning has given birth to the popular term “___ city.” | Sustainable |
| The names and photos of credentialed individuals are published in the online ___ directory, which employers can use for verification purposes. | U.S. Green Building Council |
| Who would analyze energy-usage data to create actionable solutions for energy efficiency. | Energy Consultants |
| ___ is generated from decomposing organic matter, such as food or animal waste, which is processed in an anaerobic digester. | Biogas |
| The LEED® Green Associate™ exam is scored out of ___ points. | 200 |
| A score of ___ is required for passing the LEED Green Associate exam. | 170 |
| ___ items give a candidate a problem or situation that they can solve using the concepts from the reference material. | Application |
| The first step in preparing for the exam is to read the ___. | LEED v4 Green Associate Candidate Handbook |
| Each rating system includes adaptations with unique checklists that address specific ___. | Project Types |
| According to the UNEP Buildings and Climate Change Report, buildings account for approximately ___% of total energy used today. | 40% |
| The Montreal Protocol banned the production of ___ refrigerants. | CFC |
| In direct comparisons between building types, green buildings only cost roughly ___% more than nongreen buildings. | 2% |
| The ___ phase of the integrative process occurs before schematic design begins. | Discovery |
| A(n) ___ system is a system in which materials and resources are consumed and then reused or recycled. | Closed |
| With a(n) ___ loop, systems self-correct and stay within a particular set of parameters. | Negative Feedback |
| There are ___ different rating system adaptations within five categories. | 21 |
| LEED BD+C: ___ applies to buildings equipped to contain high-density computing equipment such as server racks. | Data Centers |
| The associated reference guide for the LEED for ___ rating system applies to general commercial, retail, and hospitality interiors. | Interior Design & Construction |
| LEED-certified homes are inspected by a third party and performance-tested to use at least ___% less energy than conventional homes. | 20% |
| The focus of the credits in the ___ category is on reducing environmental impacts through site assessment, site design, and site management. | Sustainable Sites |
| Recertification for LEED O+M: Existing Buildings must take place at a minimum of every ___ years. | 5 |
| LEED Fellow nominees must have ___ years of professional green building experience. | 10 |
| sulfur dioxide (SO2) | A highly reactive gas that is primarily produced through the combustion of fossil fuels at power generation plants and other processes at manufacturing facilities. |
| Lean Process Improvement | The principle of continuously improving any process through the elimination of waste in every step of manufacturing. |
| Biogas | An alternative fuel that is generated from decomposing organic matter, such as food and animal waste, which is processed in an anaerobic digester. |
| Upstream Activity | An activity related to the extraction of the raw materials used in a product. |
| Downstream Activity | An activity related to the processing of materials all the way through to the delivery of the final product to the end user. |
| Albedo | A metric to define the reflectivity of an object from darkest black to white using a scale from 0 to 1. |
| According to the U.S. EIA, transportation emissions contributed to ___% of the total greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S. in 2008. | 33% |
| By most accounts, selecting the ___ for a building project is the single most important decision a project team can make. | Site Location |
| In the LT category, ___ is a measure of the total building floor area or dwelling units on a parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel. | Density |
| ___ land is the portion of the site where construction can occur, including land voluntarily set aside and not constructed on. | Build able |
| The purpose of ___ is to reduce the number of vehicles traveling to the site, which in turn reduces greenhouse gas emissions. | Limited Available Parking |
| ___ parking is when two or more buildings share parking spaces. | Pooled |
| A ___ site is previously undeveloped and unused suburban or rural land. | Greenfield |
| A ___ is real property whose use may be complicated by the presence or possible presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant. | Brownfield |
| What is build able land? | a portion of a site that construction can occur |
| What is density? | A measure of the total building floor area or dwelling units on a parcel of land relative to the buildable land of that parcel |
| What is development density? | Total SQFT of buildings in a given area - measured by SQFT per acre |
| Define Diverse Use | A distinct, officially recognized business, non profit, civic, religious, or governmental organization on dwelling units. Publicly available space |
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