686401
Description
Flashcards by jacksearle, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jacksearle
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What did Eisenhower attack Truman of being during his election campaign | Soft on Communism |
| How did Eisenhower describe containment | futile and immoral |
| What did Dulles emphasise in the lead up to the election | Roll back and liberation of Eastern Europe from the USSR |
| In summary, what was the impact of Hungary 1956 | It exposed the weakness of the USA - showed that in practice roll back would not work - containment still the only option available |
| What were Hungarian protesters encouraged by? | Messages through Radio Free Europe from E and D, believed they'd receive US aid |
| What was the US reaction to hungary? | was restricted to strong condemnation of the USSR and the U.S. taking 25000 Hungarian refugees |
| Why couldn't the US get involved in Hungary? | US govt knew that any direct involvement in Hungary would almost certainly trigger nuclear war |
| Why did Eisenhower want better relation with the USSR? Reason 1 | Military background made him fully aware of the dangers of a nuclear war that could 'destroy civilisation' |
| Why did Eisenhower want better relation with the USSR? Reason 2 | Concerned that military spending, 12% of GNP in mid 50s was too high and could affect living standards. Better relations = decreased likelihood of nuclear war=decreased military spending |
| Why did Eisenhower want better relation with the USSR? Reason 3 | U2s showed USSR significantly behind in terms of arms. The US could negotiate from a position of strength. E knew USSR could not win a nuclear war. |
| What was Massive Retaliation? | The USA would make greater use of nuclear threats and place less reliance on conventional weaponry |
| Why were the circumstances that massive retaliation would be used kept deliberately vague? | To put opponents at a disadvantage |
| 2 instances of brinkmanship | 1953 US threaten China with nuclear weapons to bring korean war to an end - they do quickly 1954-55 Chinese shelling of Quemoy and Matsu ended by US threats |
| 3 examples of increased covert operations | 1953 CIA operation to put pro-western Pahlavi in charge of Iran. had an ally on USSR border 1954 CIA backed coup against Guatemalan president Guzman Development of U2 spy planes |
| What is Domino theory and when did E come up with it | If vietnam fell to comm then so would the surrounding countries - 1954 |
| What was the effect of domino theory? | The setting up of SEATO |
| What was the Eisenhower Doctrine 1957 | Committed US aid to any country in the middle east threatened by comm - wanted to protect oil supplies |
| What summits did Eisenhower attend? | Geneva 55, Paris 60 |
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