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| Question | Answer |
| What is geology? | Geology is the study of rocks, their history and the processes that form and change them. |
| What was the first type of rock formed on Earth known as? | The first type of rock was known as igneous rock. |
| What is the mantle? | The mantle is the layer of the earth below the crust. |
| What is magma? | Magma is molten rock that does not reach Earth's surface. |
| What is lava? | Lava is molten rock reaching the Earth's surface. |
| What is the temperature of lava? | The temperature of lava is about 1200 degrees when it erupts at the surface of the earth. |
| Why does magma rising into the crust begin to cool? | Magma rising into the crust begin to cool because it loses heat to the cooler rocks around it. |
| What happens if magma reaches the surface to become lava? | Then it cools rapidly, especially if the eruption happens under the ocean. |
| How are rocks formed? | Rocks are formed when the magma or lava cools so much that it solidifies. |
| What are igneous rocks? | Igneous rocks are rocks formed from cooling magma. |
| What are extrusive igneous rocks? | Igneous rocks that form on the surface of the Earth. |
| What are intrusive igneous rocks? | Igneous rocks that form below the surface of the Earth. |
| What are crystals? | A crystal is a solid that has a variety of special shapes. |
| What are minerals? | Minerals are chemicals found in rocks. |
| What are two physical properties of minerals? | Two physical properties of minerals are the size and the shapes of the crystals that form them. |
| What other types of rocks are there besides igneous rocks? | Other types of rocks are sedimentary and metamorphic. |
| What are three properties of igneous rocks? | Igneous rocks are: -hard -strong -made of interlocking crystals |
| What are interlocking crystals? | Crystals that lock together and grow into each other in a rock. |
| What are some examples of extrusive igneous rocks? | Examples of extrusive igneous rocks include: -Basalt, obsidian, pumice and scoria. |
| What are some examples of intrusive rocks? | Examples of intrusive igneous rocks include: -Quarts, feldspar, biotite, granite and dolerite. |
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