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| Question | Answer |
| By Musab Anzar | Year 8 G8 |
| What is tectonic drift? | The process by which the enormous tectonic plates on the surface of the Earth move and collide with one another. |
| How do earthquakes and volcanoes happen? | From tectonic plate movements. |
| A few centimeters. | |
| What would be difficult to move if the whole planet was solid? | The plates. |
| Liquid. | |
| Molten rock. | |
| From 5 km t0 70 km deep. | |
| It can be likened to the thickness of a postage stamp stuck onto the surface of basketball. | |
| What is the mantle? | The layer of rock between the crust and the outer core of the Earth. |
| Almost liquid. | |
| How does this impact the movement of the plates? | Is it almost solid which is soft enough to allow the slow movements of the plates. |
| Liquid. | |
| Solid. | |
| Where did the energy for the Earth come from? | - The ongoing decay of radioactive substances within the Earth. - The leftover heat from the time when the Earth former, along with the rest of the solar system, about 4.5 billion years ago. |
| What is Albert Einstein's famous equation? | E=mc². |
| What did the Earth start as? | A nebula. |
| What is a nebula? | A cloud of gas and dust. |
| Where did the Sun form? | In the center of the nebula cloud. |
| What started the Sun's nuclear fusion? | Heat and pressure. |
| What does it mean when the Earth has an outside layer of rock that is a good insulator? | It means not much heat escapes from the core into space, so the interior of the planet remains very hot. |
| What does the inner core of the Earth have a high proportion of? | Of Iron and possibly large amounts of gold and other precious metals. |
| compared to the melting point of iron? | 5700 inside the Earth's core compared to the 1538 degrees of the melting point of iron. |
| What enables the inner core to remain solid despite the extreme temperatures? | The immense pressure from the whole mass of the Earth pushing down on it enables the inner core to remain solid. |
| What is believed to provide the energy for movement of the tectonic plates on the surface? | The outer core is liquid and so it's believed to rotate at a slightly different rate to the mantle above it, placing forced on the mantle. Also, there are 'currents' of molten rock moving within the outer core which together is believedto provide the energy for movement. |
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