7327537
Description
Flashcards by Evie Horne, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Evie Horne
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| In experiment 1, how many participants were there? | 45 pps |
| What did she do in experiment 1? | Divided the people into 5 groups of 9 people to watch 7 short films. The films were 5-30 seconds long and they were of car accidents sourced from the police. She then gave them a questionnaire of the accidents they had just seen, which included a critical question |
| What was the critical question? and what did she change for each group? | It was "about how fast were the cars going with they hit each other?" For every group she replaced the word hit with either: "hit", "smashed", "collided", "bumped" or "contacted" |
| What was the mean finding for the word "smashed"? | 40.8 Mph |
| What was the mean finding for the word "collided"? | 39.3 |
| what was the mean finding for the word "bumped"? | 38.1 |
| what was the mean finding for the word "hit"? | 34.0 |
| What was the mean finding for the word "contacted"? | 31.8 |
| What was the overall finding from these results? | People are not good at estimating the speed of vehicles. |
| What did she conclude from these results? | The form of a question can affect a witness's answer to that question. |
| What was the explanation she gave for this conclusion? | a persons schema of each word affects the estimated speed when uncertain (response bias) The verb changes peoples memory. |
| How many people were included in experiment 2? | 150 people |
| What were the procedures of experiment 2? | Divided them into 3 groups of 50, and showed them a film of a multiple crash, wth no broken glass. Then gave them a questionnaire |
| What did she ask the different groups? | 1 group - How fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other? another group - How fast were they going when they hit each other and the control group she didn't ask about the speed. |
| What happened a week later? | She asked them to fill out a further 10 questions, including the question "did you see any broken glass?" |
| What was the mean speed for "smashed"? | 10.5Mph |
| What was the mean speed for "hit"? | 8 Mph |
| What were the results for the broken glass question? | smashed: Yes, 16 No, 34 Hit: Yes, 7 No, 43 Control: 6 No, 44 |
| What was the overall finding of these results? | The faster pps had estimated the car was travelling, the more likely they were to say "yes" to the critical question. |
| What did they conclude from this? | The way the question is asked can enormously influence the answer given Leading questions can actually alter the memory a person has of an event, rather than just speed. 2 kinds of information are integrated to create a memory, the original perception of the event and the external information supplied. |
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