Flashcards
Tendons and Ligaments
Cards in this deck (21)
- 1What do tendons join?Muscle to bone.
- 2What is an enthesis?A bone-tendon or bone-ligament junction
- 3What do ligaments join? Give an example of a ligament in the body.Bone to bone - usually two different bones, sometimes 2 join the same one. Example is the anterior cruciate ligament.
- 4What are tendons and ligaments made from?Dense connective tissues and regularly arranged collagen fibres.
- 5What are the main functions of tendons?To transfer force from muscle to bone. To link contractile tissue with its target.
- 6What are three other functions of tendons (of the ones that are commonly forgotten)?Allows muscle belly to be some distance from site of action, enables pull of muscle to be accurately focused, allows length of muscle to be appropriate for movement, reinforce the join capsule, springs, prevent dislocation.
- 7What are some of the functions of ligaments?Stabilize, limit and guide joint movement, provide attachment for muscle (interosseous membrane), limit allowable movements and prohibit unwanted ones, tie down things such as CT and muscles e.g. aponeurosis.
- 8What are the three specialised regions of tendons and ligaments?1. Myotendinous junction - muscle-tendon junction
2. Enthesis - bone - ligament/tendon junction
3. Wrap around regions - 9What is the function of myotendinous junctions?To transfer form from the muscle to the tendons therefore to the site of action.
- 10What aspect of a myotendinous junction is reduced after immobilisation?The contact area between the tendon and the muscle?
- 11How can injury be avoided after the limb/tendon has been immobilised for some time?By slowly increasing exercise during recovery to reduce the change of re-injury.
- 12During what time of contractions at a myotendinous junction are strains likely to occur?Eccentric contraction
- 13True or false: muscles that cross 2 joins contain many fast twitch fibres.TRUE.
- 14What are enthesopathies? Give an example.Pathologies occuring at entheses e.g. tennis elbow
- 15Given an example of a seronegative spondyloarthropathy.Ankylosing spondylitis - when bone grows from one ligament to another resulting in fusion.
- 16What are the two distinct forms of entheses?1. fibrocartilage - short bones
2. fibrous - long bones - 17What is the function of fibrocartilage at an entheses?It controls bending of fibres and ensure that there is not a hard tissue interface. It also reduces wear and tear at the joint.
- 18What are three further adaptations you can find at an entheses other than fibrocartilage?Small synovial bursas, sesamoid fibrocartilage on deep surfacse of the tendon and periosteal fibrocartilage on the bone that protects the tendon.
- 19What happens to a tendon in wrap around regions?They change direction before reaching their final destination often to give a more favourable approach.
- 20True or false: tendons around pulleys are subject to compressive forces as well as tensile ones.TRUE.
- 21What is Quervains disease?When tendons of the thumb are affected as they pass beneath the retinaculum.
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- Flashcards on Tendons and Ligaments, created by sophiakostich on 07/05/2013.
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