7695306
Description
Flashcards by Ashley Hunsinger, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ashley Hunsinger
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Mesopotamia | Name means "land between the rivers": where the 1st civilizations began: present day Iraq and Syria |
| Fertile Crescent | The region in the Middle East which curves, like a quarter-moon shape: as the cradle of civilization |
| Polytheistic (aka polytheism) | Belief in MANY gods: Ancient Sumerians believed in over 3,000 gods |
| Ziggurat | The massive platform that the Sumerians built their religious temples on |
| Theocracy | Means "rule by god": Describes a govt. where the ruler is thought to be a God ex Ancient Egypt |
| Cuneiform | 1st writing system developed by the sumerians: "wedged-shape writing" |
| Hammurabi's Law Code (33) | 1st written laws: given to people of Ancient Babylon by King Hammurabi: Very strict laws based on principle of an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth |
| patriarchal | describes a society dominated by men |
| Nile River | The longest river in the world: Egypt is often called "the gift of the Nile River": Egyptians depended on the Nile for everything |
| Inundation | The annual flooding of the Nile River: The flood river leave behind rich fertile mud. |
| Silt | Rich black mud left behind from the flooding of the Nile river |
| King Menes | King who united Lower & Upper Egypt around 3100BC |
| Dynasty | means "great house of": A family of rulers |
| Pharao | Name of Egyptian King |
| "ka" | Ancient Egyptians thought that when someone died the Ka, or the life force, left the physical body: The Ka could drink and eat, but was struck in the tomb in the body of the mummy or the small statues that were left in the tomb |
| "ba" | The Ba was the part of the soul that embarked on a journey to follow the gods: The symbol of the Ba is often shown as a bird with a human head and wings |
| Mummification | It was a very important to ancient Egyptian religious beliefs that the human body was preserved: The process of preserving the body lasted up to 70 days |
| Canopic Jars | Containers used to hold the internal organs (lungs, stomach, intestines,liver) of the deceased that was going to be mummified: the jars had lids shaped as the heads of the 4 sons of Horus |
| Sarcophagus | Formed the outer layer of protection for a royal mummy, with several layers of coffins nested within, and was often carved out of alabaster |
| King Khufu (aka Cheops) | Earned everlasting frame for being the pharaoh responsible for the Great Pyramid at Giza which he built to serve as his tomb |
| The Great Pyramid | Largest of the 3 pyramids at Giza; Built by King Khufu; The only monument of the 7 wonders of the Ancient World to survive |
| King Khufu's Boat | Discover in 1952 buried under the Great Pyramid; It would be needed to ferry KIng Khufu's spirit across the sky to be with Ra, the sun god |
| Great Sphinx | One of the largest and oldest statues in the world; Archeologists believe that it was carved around 2500 BC and that the head is meant to be the likeness of the Pharaoh Khafra |
| Hieroglyphics | Egyptian picture writing |
| The Rosetta Stone | A stone with writing on it in two languages (Egyptian and Greek), using three scripts (hieroglyphics, demotic and Greek) |
| Hyksos | Invaded Egypt and ruled for 200 years; introduced the horse drawn chariot |
| Hatshepsut | First great woman ruler in history; She ruled egypt as king not queen; Sculptures and masks show her with a false beard |
| Akhenaten (aka Amenhotep) | Rejected the traditional region in favor of worshiping the Aten, or Sun Disc, after whom he renamed himself ; he closed all the temples to the old gods and obliterated their names from mountains |
| King Tut | 17 year old boy pharaoh whose tomb survived untouched by grave robbers; more than 3,000 artifacts discovered in his tomb |
| Ramses II | Ramses the great reigned 67 years; Fathered over 100 children; Defeated the Hittites, the other superpower of ancient times; he declared himself a living god |
| Papyrus | Reed like plat that grows on the Nile River ancient Egyptians used to write on |
| Cultural Diffusion | The spreading of ideas from one culture to another culture |
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