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| Question | Answer |
| Name 5 characteristics of God | - Judge - Merciful and will forgive - Law-giver - Creator - Father |
| What is the fundamental belief about God and what prayer outlines this? | God is one, is outlined in the Shema |
| What does the Shekhinah mean? | "God's manifested glory" or "God's divine presence" |
| Where was the original dwelling place of Shekhinah? | The Tabernacle, a tent carried on the exodus from Egypt to the land of Canaan |
| What does the Tenakh mention Shekhinah as being? | - A cloud - A pillar of fire |
| What was the Tabernacle replaced with? | Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem |
| Why is Shekhinah important? | - Orthodox believe can discover it through studying the Tenakh or praying in synagogue - Moses was surrounded by Shekhinah when received the Torah - Provides personal relationship with God |
| What were the covenants with Abraham? | 1. He would move to the Promised Land of Canaan 2. He would have children as numerous as the stars in the sky 3. All male Jews would be circumcised In return God would protect the Jews |
| Why is the covenant important? | - Promises Land of Canaan, central theme in Judaism - Earth will be blessed with his children - Reaffirmed with Moses that covenant is everlasting for Jews |
| What is the Hebrew phrase for the sanctity of life? | Pikuach Nefesh |
| Why do Jews believe we are somehow special? | We have something of God's nature in us because we were made in his image |
| How important is the sanctity of life for Jews? | Extremely, the obligation to save a life overrides most other laws, including Shabbat rituals |
| What does Jews believe about life? | God can only give and take life, but in some situations we as humans have the responsibility to preserve it |
| Why do some Jews believe Pikuach Nefesh SHOULD be applied in all situations? | - Should keep God's rules but not cause death by following them, e.g. organ donation overrides desecration of a corpse - The preservation of life overrides all other rules - People are allowed to 'work' on Shabbat if it saves a life |
| Why do some Jews believe Pikuach Nefesh should NOT be applied in all situations? | - Some mitzvoth are not overridden, such as idolatry (pretending God does not exist to avoid persecution) - It is not permissible to put other people in danger whilst saving a life (speeding to reach a hospital and causing an accident) - One may risk their life to save another, but not put themselves in more danger than the original person |
| Do Jews believe there will be life after death? | Yes, but they are unclear on what will happen |
| What are the beliefs on Resurrection? | Moses Maimonides described a resurrection but it is unclear who will be and when it will happen |
| What are the beliefs on Judgement? | - Some Rabbis teach we will be judged on behaviour - Others teach we will be judged on behaviour and belief - Some say we should just focus on the here and now |
| What are the beliefs on Heaven and Hell? | - Some believe we will all eventually go to Gan Eden - Others say the very evil will spend eternity in Gehenna |
| What is the Tenakh? | The Jewish bible: it contains the Torah, Nevi'm and Ketuvim Torah most important as contains mitzvoth and food laws |
| What is the Talmud? | The Talmud is a commentary on the Torah by Rabbis today, similar to our catechism |
| Why is the Tenakh important? | - Psalms are essential for prayer - Torah helps guide daily life - Helps Jews reflect on relationship with God |
| Why is the Talmud important? | - Explains meaning of the mitzvot and how they should be applied - Keeps Torah alive today |
| Why are the dietary laws important? | - Keeps the Almighty's rules - Gives Jewish identity - Causes minimal suffering to animals |
| What are the different rites of passage? | - Brit Milah/Brit Bat - Marriage - Bar/Bat Mitzvah |
| How does mourning take place? | 1. Avelut - 7 days, keeping shiva 2. Yarzheit - kept on anniversary of death |
| Why is Brit Milah important? | - Contributes to Jewish identity - Links to Abraham and covenant - Marks entry into Jewish community - Physical reminded that they belong to almighty |
| What are the main Jewish festivals? | - Yom Kippur - Rosh Hashanah - Sukkot - Pesach - Shavuot |
| What is Shavuot? | - Originally harvest festival - Celebrates gift of Torah - 7 weeks after Pesach |
| What happens on Shavuot? | - Candles lit - Say up all night to read Torah - Go to synagogue to hear 10 commandments - Eat dairy instead of meat - Pray for those who have died - Book of Ruth read - Flowers and greenery placed around synagogue |
| What is Jewish prayer? | - Communicating with God - Set prayers for morning, afternoon and evening - Not a set ritual but a search for God |
| Why do some believe the Amidah is the most important part of worship? | - Individual comes before Almighty with thanksgiving - Individuals petition the Lord which is core part of prayer - Involves praise to God so central act of worship |
| Why do some the Amidah is not the most important part of worship? | - Proper concentration and own thoughts are more important than set words - Ark and Torah more important as divinely revealed by God, Amidah written by Rabbis - Amidah is very formal, does not reflect persons true thoughts |
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