Meiosis

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AS level Biology (Genetic Diversity And Adaptation) Flashcards on Meiosis, created by Melissa O'Mahony on 12/03/2017.
Melissa O'Mahony
Flashcards by Melissa O'Mahony, updated more than 1 year ago
Melissa O'Mahony
Created by Melissa O'Mahony over 7 years ago
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Question Answer
Definition of: Meiosis Cell division that shuffles genes on the chromosomes so that all cells produced are genetically different. One diploid cell gives rise to four haploid cells.
In meiosis the cells are genetically: The process is what type of reproduction? It produces: It occurs for what type of cells? What is its purpose for? How many divisions are there? Different Sexual 4 different haploid cells Gametes Sexual reproduction 2 divisions
How do you calculate the number of possible chromosome combinations? 2^n where n= number of pairs of homologous chromosomes. In humans, n=23, therefore 2^23 = 8,000,000 combinations.
Definition of: Gene A length of DNA that codes for a polypeptide.
Definition of: Locus The position of a gene on a chromosome of DNA molecule.
Definition of: Allele One of the different forms of a particular gene.
Definition of: Homologous Chromosomes A pair of chromosomes, one maternal and one paternal, that have the same gene loci.
Describe 'crossing over'. ~Twisting of the chromatids occurs. ~Tension causes part of the chromatid to break off. ~The broken-off portions rejoin with the chromatids of the homologous partner. ~New combinations of genetic material are produced.
Describe the parent cell before meiosis occurs. Parent cell showing a single pair of homologous chromosomes.
Describe what occurs in meiosis 1. Homologous chromosomes are separated into different cells.
Describe what occurs in meioosis 2. Chromatids are separated by a further division into four cells each with a single chromatid.
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