8067950
Description
Flashcards by Melissa O'Mahony, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Melissa O'Mahony
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Definition of: Meiosis | Cell division that shuffles genes on the chromosomes so that all cells produced are genetically different. One diploid cell gives rise to four haploid cells. |
| In meiosis the cells are genetically: The process is what type of reproduction? It produces: It occurs for what type of cells? What is its purpose for? How many divisions are there? | Different Sexual 4 different haploid cells Gametes Sexual reproduction 2 divisions |
| How do you calculate the number of possible chromosome combinations? | 2^n where n= number of pairs of homologous chromosomes. In humans, n=23, therefore 2^23 = 8,000,000 combinations. |
| Definition of: Gene | A length of DNA that codes for a polypeptide. |
| Definition of: Locus | The position of a gene on a chromosome of DNA molecule. |
| Definition of: Allele | One of the different forms of a particular gene. |
| Definition of: Homologous Chromosomes | A pair of chromosomes, one maternal and one paternal, that have the same gene loci. |
| Describe 'crossing over'. | ~Twisting of the chromatids occurs. ~Tension causes part of the chromatid to break off. ~The broken-off portions rejoin with the chromatids of the homologous partner. ~New combinations of genetic material are produced. |
| Describe the parent cell before meiosis occurs. | Parent cell showing a single pair of homologous chromosomes. |
| Describe what occurs in meiosis 1. | Homologous chromosomes are separated into different cells. |
| Describe what occurs in meioosis 2. | Chromatids are separated by a further division into four cells each with a single chromatid. |
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