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Description
Flashcards by Kshira Mushunuri, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Kshira Mushunuri
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| 1850-64 Taiping Rebellion | -Southern China -For both political and religious reasons -suppressed |
| 1898-1900 Boxer Rising | -Anti foreign movement -Suppressed by the International Army -Compensation had to be given by China |
| 1911 Manchu and Nanking | - Supporters of Sun Yet-Sen revolted against Manchu and captured Nanking. - Sun Yet-Sen resigned from Presidency of the KMT so that Yuan Shi Kai could take over. |
| 1915 | Yuan Shi Kai died |
| Yuan Shi Kai ideologies | -in favour of restoring the monarchy -his death (1915) averted possible and widespread chaos in China |
| Japan and China | Although China had no involvement in WW1, Japan put forward 21 demands to be met by China. This was supported by the Big Powers. |
| 1925 | Sun Yet-Sen died Chiang Kai Shek became leader of the KMT Party |
| Chiang Kai Shek | -not a communist. -wanted to cut off relations with Russian Communists -carried out a series of 5 expeditions against the Communists between 1920 and 1934 |
| 1927 | Shek cuts off all relations with Russian Communists |
| 1937 | Japan attacked China (Manchuria) briefly uniting the communists and liberals. (Mao and Chiang Kai Shek) |
| Mao Zedong | Started the historical 'long march' campaign to unite all communists. |
| Purification Movement | Communists compelled the KMT Party to retreat from mainland China and relocate to Formosa, which was protected by the USA. |
| 1949 | -Communist Victory -Mao Zedong or Mao Se Tung becomes Chairman of the PRC |
| Causes for Communist Victory (KCDPCMI) | 1. KMT became Weak 2. Corruption and Inefficiency 3. Dependence on landlords and propertied class for funding 4. Communists won the people's hearts 5. Mao was very shrewd and intelligent 6. Inflation |
| 1949 | China was destroyed after the Japanese War, Mao wanted to rebuild it. |
| Reforms introduced by Mao | Agrarian Policy -Lands taken from big landowners were redistributed amongst peasants Industrial policy -The first five-year plan was introduced - Mao closely followed Stalin's methods but adopted it to the needs of China |
| 1957 | Hundred flowers campaign Due to industrialisation, a new class of technicians & engineers emerged. Party cadres feared that the new class of experts would threaten their authority. So, Mao decided that open discussion regarding the problems might improve relations |
| Criticisms Hundred Flowers Campaign | >Incompetent >Overenthusiastic >Undemocratic >Opposition parties should have been included as well |
| The Great Leap Forward -Mao Zedong- Step 1 | Introduction of Communes- collective farms-each family receives a share of the profits |
| The Great Leap Forward -Mao Zedong- Step 2 | Emphasis on large industries was reduced-small factories were encouraged |
| Reasons the Great Leap Forward was perceived as a failure | >Some opposition to the communes >Series of bad harvests >Withdrawal of Russian Aid |
| Long term successes of the Great Leap Forward | >Early 1970s- agricultural & industrial production increased >Labour incentive techniques were used to increase employment >Welfare & education improved >Child mortality reduced |
| Cultural Revolution (1966-69) | - Launched to combat Russian model of Communism -mainly a student movement -students or the Red Guard toured the country championing Mao's cause. -However, they misused their freedom and began violence. Mao had to call in the army to control them |
| Contributions of Mao Zedong | a. Scattered China became united b. placed China on a stable financial and economic platform c. Instead of aping Russian policy, Mao applied it to the needs of China |
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