8157542
Description
Flashcards by Isabel Knight, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Isabel Knight
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Jack the Ripper | The notorious Jack the Ripper murders occurred in London in 1888. In the minds of the Victorians, they underlined the Jekyll and Hyde duality of human nature, especially as there was discussion about the murderer being highly educated, or even of royal birth. |
| Psychoanalysis | Psychoanalysis was founded by Sigmund Freud (1856-1939). Freud believed that people could be cured by making conscious their unconscious thoughts Psyche(composed of 3 key elements) 1)SUPEREGO: concerned with image and social appearance (Utterson) 2)EGO: middle ground between (Jekyll) 3)ID: Basic human instincts (Hyde) |
| Doppelgangers | German for 'double-goer' In everyday use means look-alike In Gothic Literature it means: A double, mirror image or other side of a character. The doppelganger might reveal the negative or evil side or what is repressed within a person. |
| Atavism | Atavism is the tendency to revert to ancestral type. In biology, an atavism is an evolutionary throwback, such as traits reappearing which had disappeared generations before. It is a term associated with biological theories of crime and Cesare Lombroso(an Italian criminologist and physician, often referred to as the father of criminology) of the Italian school of criminology in the late 1800s. |
| Phrenology | Phrenology is the study of the shape of the head through the examination and measurement of the bumps on an individual's skull. Phrenology was a theory developed by Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828) It is a theory of human behaviour based upon the belief that an individual's character and mental faculties correlate with the shape of their head and was one of the early biological theories of criminology and laid the foundation for the development of the biological school of criminology. |
| Charles Darwin | In 1859, when Stevenson was nine years old, Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species. This book became famous for introducing the Theory of Evolution to the public. Many people saw it as an attack on religion, because the book made it impossible to believe that God created the world in seven days. Darwin put forward the theory that all life, including humans, has evolved from more primitive forms. Many believed that science had become dangerous and was meddling in matters which only God had control over. This is what Jekyll does in the novel. |
| Education | -approximately 200 'ragged schools' provided free of charge education for the poorest families in Britain -1870-education act resulted in the government providing funding for certain schools -some critics say Stevenson' portrayal of Jekyll as a warning of the dangers of too much knowledge |
| Deacon Brodie | Stevenson was inspired by the duality of man, especially stories of respectable man turning criminal at night like William Brodie (28 September 1741 – 1 October 1788), more commonly known by his prestigious title of Deacon Brodie. He was a cabinet maker during the day and a criminal at night. Stevenson’s family actually owned one of his cabinets. |
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The Industrial Revolution
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Industrial (image/jpeg)
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The onset of the Industrial revolution meant mass migration to the cities. The ensuing poverty meant an increase in crime. People were now unsettled and saw this as the dawning of an evil age in history. |
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