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Description
Flashcards by Anna Hollywood, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Anna Hollywood
over 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Urbanisation | An increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas |
| Industrialisation | When secondary industry starts to develop in a place |
| Urban | A built up area such as a town or city |
| Rural | Area where countryside dominates |
| Megacity | City with 10 million or more residents |
| Hub | An area where lots of important businesses are located, making it important in a country's money making potential |
| Migration (rural to urban) | Movement from countryside to a built up area |
| Natural increase | The way a cities population grows as a result of people having children |
| 3 factors that cause urbanisation in an MEDC | -Late 18th and 19th centuries (industrial revolution) -Industrialisation attracting millions of workers to the new factories and cities -(See Clark Fisher model) |
| 6 factors that cause urbanisation in an LEDC | Rapid pop growth, land ownership issues, modernised agriculture (lack of jobs=migration), commercial agriculture (families displaced=migration), decline of traditional village jobs, flooding (crops destroyed=migration) |
| How is urbanisation different in MEDCs and LEDCs? | MEDCs re-urbanise due to better housing and cities but LEDCs urbanise due to desperately trying to find work and a better life |
| Name 4 fast growing cities | Lagos (Nigeria), Sao Paulo (Brazil), Bombay/Mumbai (India) and Tokyo (Japan) |
| Name 2 slow growing cities | New York (U.S.A) and London (England) |
| Millionaire cities | Cities with over 1 million inhabitants |
| Megacities | Cities with over 10 million inhabitants |
| World cities | Cities which have a major impact on world events. Often major financial/media centres |
| 2 bad things about megacities | Losing culture and overcrowded |
| What is the population and area of Shanghai? | 23 million and 6300km2 |
| What is the population and area of Mumbai? | 21 million and 4300km2 |
| What is the population and area of Lagos? | 10 million and 1000km2 |
| What is the population and area of Sao Paulo? | 20 million and 8000km2 |
| What is the population and area of Los Angeles? | 13 million and 12500km2 |
| Name two contrasting megacities | Mumbai and L.A |
| Difference in population | Mumbai - 21 million and L.A - 13 million |
| Difference in population growth a year | Mumbai - 2.9% and L.A - 1.1% |
| Percentage of Mumbai's pop that are living in poverty | 60% |
| Name some jobs in informal economy (where most of Mumbai's population works) | Services (banking), manufacturing (textiles), construction and entertainment (Bollywood) |
| Where do most of L.As pop work and give 3 examples | Mostly formal: trade (ports), entertainment (Hollywood) and aerospace |
| Informal economy | Jobs that have little/no job security with no tax paid (e.g. street trading) |
| Formal economy | Refers to jobs with contracts of employment and more job security and tax is paid |
| What are the five rings of the Burgess Model used to track the spatial growth of an MEDC megacity? | CBD, inner city, inner suburbs, outer suburbs and the rural/urban fringe |
| What are the 2 similarities between the two models for MDC and LDC? | CBD is in the middle and cheaper housing is near the centre |
| What are the 2 differences? | Poor people live round the edge in an LEDC, rich people live round edge in MEDC and LDC has more wedges and segregation |
| Ecological footprint of a country | The land and natural resources required to provide the raw materials on which the country along with its population feeds and the waste products it produces |
| Source | Natural environement |
| What do we use the environment as well as a source? | A sink |
| What do these sources and sinks represent? | The amount of land, water and air (biproductive areas) needed to support our lifestyles |
| What measurement is this expressed in? | Global hectares (GHA) |
| Carbon footprint | Measure of the carbon emissions included in our eco-footprints |
| 5 facts about London's waste produced | 5.9 tonnes of CO2 per person produced...20 million tonnes of waste a year...organic waste is released into rivers...49% waste sent to landfill...32% of waste in recycle (used to be 8%) |
| 2 facts about London's food consumption | 81% comes from outside U.K and they eat 6.9 tonnes a year (8 billion meals) |
| 3 facts about London's energy consumption | Total energy use has stayed constant since 2000, all energy is imported and they use 13.2 million tonnes of oil a year |
| How much of London's energy use is renewable, gas, liquids and electricity? | <1% renewable, 55% gas, 23% liquids and 21% electricity |
| 2 facts about London's transport | 41% of journeys are public and 64 billion passenger kilometres are travelled each year |
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