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Description
Flashcards by glhoward13, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by glhoward13
about 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the 2 types of law? | Crime & civil |
| What is civil law? | Disputes between private individuals or groups, e.g: divorces & wills |
| What is criminal law? | When state law has been broken. Involves the police, evidence & court. |
| How many types of crime & what are they? | 2; non-indictable & indictable |
| What are non-indictable crimes? | Less serious, not sent to prison for. E.G: speeding |
| What are indictable crimes? | More serious, can be sent to prison for. E.G: murder. |
| What are the 3 different types of offences + examples. | Crime against property (shoplifting, piracy), crime against a person (murder, rape) and crime against the state (tax aversion, terrorism). |
| What is a religious offence? | Religions have their own set of rules and may not necessarily be the same as the state laws. Breaking them would be a religious offence (sin). |
| What is a crime? | An offence that is punishable by law. |
| What is the dark figure of crime? | The difference between the crimes reported and those committed. |
| 3 main reasons for committing a crime (+ examples) | Environmental (opportunities), Social (lack of education) & Psychological (mental illness). |
| Definition: Duty | Moral or legal obligation |
| Definition: Responsibility | Duty to care for/have control over someone or something. |
| What are the 6 aims of punishment? | Protection, Vindication, Deterrence, Retribution, Reparation & Reformation. |
| Definition: Deterrence | To put people off committing a crimes |
| Definition: Protection | Keeping the public safe from criminals |
| Definition: Vindication | Shows that the law must be respected and upheld |
| Definition: Reformation | To change a criminal's behaviour for the better. |
| Definition: Reparation | Makes the offender give back to society. |
| Definition: Retribution | Gets your own back on the criminal (revenge)-eye for an eye, life for a life. |
| What is restorative justice? | A controversial scheme which allows victims of a crime to meet the offender and talk to them. Aimed to benefit both people. |
| Example of a successful restorative justice scheme? | Will Riley (victim) & Peter Wold (criminal). |
| What would advocates say for restorative justice? | Helps reform criminals, cheaper & gives closure for victim. |
| What would detractors say for restorative justice? | Easy way out for criminal, offender may lie & may set back victim's recovery. |
| Definition: Prison | A place where criminals are confined and their freedom limited as part of their punishment. |
| Definition: Recidivism | (re-offending) committing further crimes after the end of one's punishment of a previous crime. |
| What aims of punishment does prison fulfil? | Retribution, deterrence, vindication & protection. |
| Disadvantages of prison (3) | School of crime, breaks down criminals' relationships & doesn't reform offenders. |
| Advantages of prison (3) | protects society, time for criminals to reflect & offenders can't physically commit crimes when inside. |
| What are the most common methods of execution (death penalty)? | 1)beheading, 2)stoning, 3) hanging |
| Main executing countries in 2009? | China, Iran, Iraq |
| When did the UK abolish it? | (Formally) 1998 |
| 3 points for capital punishment | Life for a life, no executed criminal can commit a crime again & deterrence. |
| 3 points against capital punishment | Hypocritical, doesn't give offenders a chance to reform & evidence that it doesn't work as a deterrence. |
| Religious beliefs on capital punishment | Only God has the right to take away a life, "eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth, life for a life". |
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