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| Question | Answer |
| Epistemology? | The theory of knowledge |
| CBPAR | Community Based Participant Action Research, or Bottom-up AR |
| CBPAR comprises of... | 1. Community decided agenda 2. Researchers as facilitators 3. Less focus on quantitative 4. Applied rather than theoretical aims |
| Community decided agendas | The community detirmines what its' research needs are, using a collaborative and qualitative process of participation |
| Researchers facilitate | Researchers offer what resourses & skills they have to the process & provide a qualitative account of the process |
| Less quantitative focus | Feedback for the efficacy of the process in acheiving its' aims is more subjective understanding and voice, i.e. qualitative. |
| Social Constructionism in Psychology | Is more of a situation in which the rats make the maze rather than being controlled as they go through it. |
| Epistemology of Social Constructionism | That human behaviour is culturally constructed out of symbolic communication between people. It cannot be conceptualised without understanding their active participantion in generating systems of shared meaning |
| Awareness/consciousness as a key factor in Social Constructionism | Human beings are aware and thus modify their behaviour depending on their awareness or their conscious interpretation of the situation. The have (apparent) FREE WILL. They will act intentionally, rather than according to a discrete cause. |
| Social construction and reality | Social construction makes meaning in reality malleable. There are use-by-dates in social theories of reality and constructed realities. |
| Evidence of Awareness and Beliefs changing actions | 16th Centuries, awareness and beliefs about sickness meant that a lot of Christians would burn people to rid them of devils |
| Behaviour in dynamical systems | (where there is feedback) has "sensitive dependence on initial conditions" |
| Lorenz Attractor | A chaotic map with a butterfly shape, and was a product of the butterfly effect theory disovered when trying to run statistical models about weather |
| Building feedback loops | Human social behaviour functions under conditions of "sensitive dependence on initial conditions." Initial conditions provided by the culture, language and politics. |
| Aspire rather than describe | AR believes that psychology should aspire to make society better, not just describe it. Change don't complain. |
| Interconnectedness | Building feedback loops, or interconnectedness between different segments of society so as to remove destructive and restrictive barriers |
| Role of researcher | Personal Reflexivity Fuctional Reflexivity Disciplinary Reflexivity |
| Personal Reflexivity | Own standpoint. They acknowledge and make visible their own standpoint and the possible biases that might accrue from this |
| Functional Reflexivity | Guard against imposing their own views through their privaleged postiion as knowledge producers. |
| Disciplinary Reflexivity | Avoid unthinking application of the methods and theory from their own discipline. Bring knowledge but know the limits of that knowledge |
| Role of communities | AR attempts to give a voice to the community, particularly if disadvantaged. Thus take into account their own agendas. Communities voice is rarely a unified one. |
| Role for the government and the press | Knowledge needs to connect to the right persons to be influencial. Governments often fund research and thus set the agendas, but ARers ensure that decision-making bodies are aware of their work. |
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