8697504
Description
Flashcards by Potato Milk, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Potato Milk
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Role of proteins: Helicase (2) | - Unwinds DNA double helix - Breaks *hydrogen bonds* between complementary bases |
| Role of proteins: Single-stranded binding protein (2) | - Stabilizes single-stranded DNA - Allows DNA to be used as template for DNA replication |
| Role of proteins: RNA primase (2) | - *Catalyses synthesis* of RNA primer on the DNA strand - Allows DNA replication to take place at *origin of replication* |
| Role of proteins: DNA polymerase III (2) | - Synthesizes DNA - Forms strong phosphodiester bonds between the nucleotides to form the DNA |
| Difference between DNA and RNA: Sugar unit | - Deoxyribose|Ribose |
| Difference between DNA and RNA: Nitrogenous bases | - Thymine present|Uracil in place of thymine |
| Difference between DNA and RNA: Ratio of complementary nitrogenous bases | - Ratio between A:T and C:G always 1:1|Ratio not always fixed between complementary bases |
| Difference between DNA and RNA: Duration of existence | - DNA is permanent molecule in nucleus|RNA is temporary molecule |
| Difference between DNA and RNA: Purpose (1) + (2) | - Stores genetic information|*Translates* genetic information into protein synthesis |
| How does the DNA serve as a template for the synthesis of mRNA? (3) | - Antisense strand used as a template - mRNA formed by RNA polymerase by forming *phosphodiester bonds* between nucleotides with *nitrogenous bases complementary to those on the antisense strand* |
| Difference between mRNA : rRNA : tRNA Role | : RNA sequence used to produce protein/molecule : Translation process, using mRNA's codons and the assist of tRNA to produce a protein/polypeptide (forming *peptide bonds* between amino acids) : Contains anticodon which *complementary base pairs* with codons on the mRNA |
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