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Description
Flashcards by Nia Strachan, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Nia Strachan
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is asexual reproduction? | The production of new organisms involving only one parent or parent cell |
| In asexual reproduction the offspring develop from ___ cells | undifferentiated |
| What type of cell division is involved in asexual reproduction? | Mitosis or Mitotic cell division |
| What are the 6 types of cell division? | Binary Fission, Budding, Spore formation, Regeneration, vegetative propagation and Tissue culture |
| State 3 ways in which asexual reproduction is differs from sexual reproduction? | 1. Asexual Reproduction involves one parent/parent cell while sexual reproduction involves 2 parents or parent cells 2. Asexual reproduction offspring are genetically identical to parents (no variation) while sexual reproduction offspring are not identical to parents (variation) 3. Asexual reproduction occurs rapidly while sexual reproduction occurs at a slower rate |
| What is the simplest form of Asexual Reproduction? | Binary Fission |
| What does the terms Binary and Fission represent in Binary fission? | Binary - Two Fission- dividing or splitting |
| Which organisms use Binary Fission? | Single celled organisms including Bacteria and protists such as amoeba |
| What occurs during Binary Fission? (Short answer) | The parent organism divides into two approximately equal parts |
| What occurs during Binary Fission in the form of Amoeba? (Detailed answer) | When a cell is ready to produce, genetic material replicate, then the nucleus then divides followed by the rest of the cell. |
| What occurs during Binary Fission in the form of Bacteria? (Detailed answer) | Bacteria lack an organized nucleus so the hereditary material is in the form of a single circular chromosome. (Bacteria can split once every 20 mins.) |
| What is another name for 'Spore formation'? | Sporulation |
| What are spores? | Small, often microscopic, specialized cells. Note: Each spore contains a nucleus and a small amount of cytoplasm surrounded by a thick, hard outer wall. The protective wall enables spores to survive unfavorable environmental conditions such as extreme cold, heat, or dryness, for long periods of time. |
| What organisms use Sporulation/ Spore Formation? | Bacteria, yeasts, molds, mushrooms, mosses, and ferns |
| List the 3 types of hyphae that make up bread mold: | Rhizoids, Stolons, and Sporangiophores |
| What are Rhizoids? | Root like hyphae that penetrate bread; anchors fungus to bread; releases digestive enzymes and absorbs nutrients |
| What are Stolons? | stem like hypahe that run along the surface of bread |
| What are Sporangiophores? | Stem like hyphae that form sporangia (spore containing structure at the top); supports Sporangium |
| What is the Sporangium? | Spore case |
| What is a network of hyphae called? | Mycelium Note: It is through the Mycelium that that a fungus absorbs nutrients from the environment |
| What is budding? | New organisms are formed as small out growths or buds on the outer surface of the parent organism. Note: The buds may break off and live independently or remain attached (forming a colony) |
| How does budding differ from binary fission? | Budding differs from Binary fission because the parent and offspring aren't the same size |
| What is regeneration? | The ability of an organism to regrow lost body parts. |
| Examples of organisms that use regeneration? | Hydra, Planaria, Starfish, and Earthworms |
| What happens when a hydra is cut in half? | Each half will regenerate into a new individual |
| Vegetative Propagation: What are vegetative structures? | Roots, Stems, and Leaves. |
| What happens during vegetative reproduction? | undifferentiated cells divide mitotically and then differentiate to give rise to a new independent plant |
| Vegetative reproduction occurs ____ and artificially | naturally |
| List the 4 types of natural vegetative reproduction | Bulbs, Tubers, Runner (Stolon), and Rhizomes |
| What are the 4 types of Artificial Reproduction? | Cuttings, Layering, Grafting, and Marcotting |
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